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XCCDF
CA API Gateway NDM Security Technical Implementation Guide
Profiles
III - Administrative Sensitive
III - Administrative Sensitive
An XCCDF Profile
Details
Items
Prose
29 rules organized in 29 groups
SRG-APP-000516-NDM-000336
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must employ RADIUS + LDAPS or LDAPS to centrally manage authentication settings.
Medium Severity
The use of authentication servers or other centralized management servers for providing centralized authentication services is required for network device management. Maintaining local administrator accounts for daily usage on each network device without centralized management is not scalable or feasible. Without centralized management, it is likely that credentials for some network devices will be forgotten, leading to delays in administration, which itself leads to delays in remediating production problems and in addressing compromises in a timely fashion. Use of RADIUS + LDAPS or LDAPS for authentication and authorization provides the Gateway with an ability to authenticate credentials against a centralized and secured identity management system. This allows permissions for administration of the Gateway to be governed independently of the Gateway.
SRG-APP-000109-NDM-000233
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must shut down by default upon audit failure (unless availability is an overriding concern).
Medium Severity
It is critical that when the network device is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required, it take action to mitigate the failure. Audit processing failures include: software/hardware errors; failures in the audit capturing mechanisms; and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded. Responses to audit failure depend upon the nature of the failure mode. When availability is an overriding concern, other approved actions in response to an audit failure are as follows: (i) If the failure was caused by the lack of audit record storage capacity, the network device must continue generating audit records if possible (automatically restarting the audit service if necessary), overwriting the oldest audit records in a first-in-first-out manner. (ii) If audit records are sent to a centralized collection server and communication with this server is lost or the server fails, the network device must queue audit records locally until communication is restored or until the audit records are retrieved manually. Upon restoration of the connection to the centralized collection server, action should be taken to synchronize the local audit data with the collection server.
SRG-APP-000125-NDM-000241
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must forward all log audit log messages to the central log server.
Low Severity
Protection of log data includes assuring log data is not accidentally lost or deleted. Regularly backing up audit records to a different system or onto separate media than the system being audited helps to assure, in the event of a catastrophic system failure, the audit records will be retained. This helps to ensure a compromise of the information system being audited does not also result in a compromise of the audit records.
SRG-APP-000080-NDM-000345
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must not have any default manufacturer passwords when deployed.
Medium Severity
Network devices not protected with strong password schemes provide the opportunity for anyone to crack the password and gain access to the device, which can result in loss of availability, confidentiality, or integrity of network traffic. Many default vendor passwords are well known or are easily guessed; therefore, not removing them prior to deploying the network device into production provides an opportunity for a malicious user to gain unauthorized access to the device.
SRG-APP-000148-NDM-000346
1 Rule
In the event the authentication server is unavailable, there must be one local account of last resort.
Medium Severity
Authentication for administrative (privileged-level) access to the device is required at all times. An account can be created on the device's local database for use in an emergency, such as when the authentication server is down or connectivity between the device and the authentication server is not operable. This account is also referred to as the account of last resort since the emergency administration account is strictly intended to be used only as a last resort and immediate administrative access is absolutely necessary. The number of emergency administration accounts is restricted to at least one, but no more than operationally required as determined by the ISSO. The emergency administration account logon credentials must be stored in a sealed envelope and kept in a safe.
SRG-APP-000164-NDM-000252
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must enforce a minimum 15-character password length.
Medium Severity
Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password length is one factor of several that helps to determine strength and how long it takes to crack a password. The shorter the password, the lower the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised. Use of more characters in a password helps to exponentially increase the time and/or resources required to compromise the password.
SRG-APP-000170-NDM-000329
1 Rule
If multifactor authentication is not supported and passwords must be used, the CA API Gateway must require that when a password is changed, the characters are changed in at least 8 of the positions within the password.
Medium Severity
If the application allows the user to consecutively reuse extensive portions of passwords, this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the window of opportunity for attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. The number of changed characters refers to the number of changes required with respect to the total number of positions in the current password. In other words, characters may be the same within the two passwords; however, the positions of the like characters must be different.
SRG-APP-000234-NDM-000272
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must automatically remove or disable emergency accounts, except the emergency administration account, after 72 hours.
Medium Severity
Emergency accounts are administrator accounts which are established in response to crisis situations where the need for rapid account activation is required. Therefore, emergency account activation may bypass normal account authorization processes. If emergency accounts remain active when no longer needed, they may be used to gain unauthorized access. The risk is greater for the network device since these accounts have elevated privileges. To mitigate this risk, automated termination of these accounts must be set upon account creation. It is important to note the difference between emergency accounts and the emergency administration account. The emergency administration account, also known as the account of last resort, is an infrequently used account used by network administrators only when network or normal logon/access is not available. The emergency administration account is not subject to automatic termination dates.
SRG-APP-000268-NDM-000274
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must activate a system alert message, send an alarm, and/or automatically shut down when a component failure is detected.
Medium Severity
Predictable failure prevention requires organizational planning to address device failure issues. If components key to maintaining the device's security fail to function, the device could continue operating in an insecure state. If appropriate actions are not taken when a network device failure occurs, a denial of service condition may occur which could result in mission failure since the network would be operating without a critical security monitoring and prevention function. Upon detecting a failure of network device security components, the network device must activate a system alert message, send an alarm, or shut down.
SRG-APP-000320-NDM-000284
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must notify System Administrators (SAs) and Information System Security Officers (ISSMs) when accounts are created, or enabled when previously disabled.
Medium Severity
Once an attacker establishes initial access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to simply enable a new or disabled account. Notification of account enabling is one method for mitigating this risk. A comprehensive account management process will ensure an audit trail which documents the creation of application user accounts and notifies SAs and ISSMs. Such a process greatly reduces the risk that accounts will be surreptitiously enabled and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. In order to detect and respond to events that affect network administrator accessibility and device processing, network devices must audit account enabling actions and, as required, notify the appropriate individuals so they can investigate the event.
SRG-APP-000325-NDM-000285
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must transmit organization-defined access authorization information using organization-defined security safeguards to organization-defined information systems which enforce access control decisions.
Medium Severity
Protecting access authorization information (i.e., access control decisions) ensures that authorization information cannot be altered, spoofed, or otherwise compromised during transmission. In distributed information systems, authorization processes and access control decisions may occur in separate parts of the systems. In such instances, authorization information is transmitted securely so timely access control decisions can be enforced at the appropriate locations. To support the access control decisions, it may be necessary to transmit, as part of the access authorization information, supporting security attributes. This is because, in distributed information systems, there are various access control decisions that need to be made, and different entities (e.g., services) make these decisions in a serial fashion, each requiring some security attributes to make the decisions.
SRG-APP-000373-NDM-000298
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must be configured to synchronize internal information system clocks with the primary and secondary time sources located in different geographic regions using redundant authoritative time sources.
Low Severity
The loss of connectivity to a particular authoritative time source will result in the loss of time synchronization (free-run mode) and increasingly inaccurate time stamps on audit events and other functions. Multiple time sources provide redundancy by including a secondary source. Time synchronization is usually a hierarchy; clients synchronize time to a local source while that source synchronizes its time to a more accurate source. The network device must utilize an authoritative time server and/or be configured to use redundant authoritative time sources. This requirement is related to the comparison done in CCI-001891. DoD-approved solutions consist of a combination of a primary and secondary time source using a combination or multiple instances of the following: a time server designated for the appropriate DoD network (NIPRNet/SIPRNet); United States Naval Observatory (USNO) time servers; and/or the Global Positioning System (GPS). The secondary time source must be located in a different geographic region than the primary time source.
SRG-APP-000374-NDM-000299
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must record time stamps for audit records that can be mapped to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
Low Severity
If time stamps are not consistently applied and there is no common time reference, it is difficult to perform forensic analysis. Time stamps generated by the application include date and time. Time is commonly expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), a modern continuation of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), or local time with an offset from UTC.
SRG-APP-000375-NDM-000300
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must record time stamps for audit records that meet a granularity of one second for a minimum degree of precision.
Low Severity
Without sufficient granularity of time stamps, it is not possible to adequately determine the chronological order of records. Time stamps generated by the application include date and time. Granularity of time measurements refers to the degree of synchronization between information system clocks and reference clocks.
SRG-APP-000377-NDM-000301
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must generate an alert that will then be sent to the ISSO, ISSM, and other designated personnel (deemed appropriate by the local organization) when the unauthorized installation of software is detected.
Medium Severity
Unauthorized software not only increases risk by increasing the number of potential vulnerabilities, it also can contain malicious code. Sending an alert (in real time) when unauthorized software is detected allows designated personnel to take action on the installation of unauthorized software. Note that while the device must generate the alert, the notification may be done by a management server.
SRG-APP-000395-NDM-000310
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must authenticate NTP endpoint devices before establishing a network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based.
Low Severity
Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Bidirectional authentication provides stronger safeguards to validate the identity of other devices for connections that are of greater risk. A local connection is any connection with a device communicating without the use of a network. A network connection is any connection with a device that communicates through a network (e.g., local area or wide area network, Internet). A remote connection is any connection with a device communicating through an external network (e.g., the Internet). Because of the challenges of applying this requirement on a large scale, organizations are encouraged to only apply the requirement to those limited number (and type) of devices that truly need to support this capability. For network device management, this has been determined to be network management device addresses, SNMP authentication, and NTP authentication.
SRG-APP-000395-NDM-000310
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must authenticate SNMP endpoint devices before establishing a network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based.
Medium Severity
Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Bidirectional authentication provides stronger safeguards to validate the identity of other devices for connections that are of greater risk. A local connection is any connection with a device communicating without the use of a network. A network connection is any connection with a device that communicates through a network (e.g., local area or wide area network, Internet). A remote connection is any connection with a device communicating through an external network (e.g., the Internet). Because of the challenges of applying this requirement on a large scale, organizations are encouraged to only apply the requirement to those limited number (and type) of devices that truly need to support this capability. For network device management, this has been determined to be network management device addresses, SNMP authentication, and NTP authentication.
SRG-APP-000395-NDM-000310
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must authenticate RADIUS endpoint devices before establishing a network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based.
Medium Severity
Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Bidirectional authentication provides stronger safeguards to validate the identity of other devices for connections that are of greater risk. A local connection is any connection with a device communicating without the use of a network. A network connection is any connection with a device that communicates through a network (e.g., local area or wide area network, Internet). A remote connection is any connection with a device communicating through an external network (e.g., the Internet). Because of the challenges of applying this requirement on a large scale, organizations are encouraged to only apply the requirement to those limited number (and type) of devices that truly need to support this capability. For network device management, this has been determined to be network management device addresses, SNMP authentication, and NTP authentication.
SRG-APP-000395-NDM-000310
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must authenticate LDAPS endpoint devices before establishing a network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based.
Medium Severity
Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Bidirectional authentication provides stronger safeguards to validate the identity of other devices for connections that are of greater risk. A local connection is any connection with a device communicating without the use of a network. A network connection is any connection with a device that communicates through a network (e.g., local area or wide area network, Internet). A remote connection is any connection with a device communicating through an external network (e.g., the Internet). Because of the challenges of applying this requirement on a large scale, organizations are encouraged to only apply the requirement to those limited number (and type) of devices that truly need to support this capability. For network device management, this has been determined to be network management device addresses, SNMP authentication, and NTP authentication.
SRG-APP-000395-NDM-000310
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must obtain LDAPS server certificates securely to use bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based.
Medium Severity
Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Bidirectional authentication provides stronger safeguards to validate the identity of other devices for connections that are of greater risk. A local connection is any connection with a device communicating without the use of a network. A network connection is any connection with a device that communicates through a network (e.g., local area or wide area network, Internet). A remote connection is any connection with a device communicating through an external network (e.g., the Internet). Because of the challenges of applying this requirement on a large scale, organizations are encouraged to only apply the requirement to those limited number (and type) of devices that truly need to support this capability. For network device management, this has been determined to be network management device addresses, SNMP authentication, and NTP authentication.
SRG-APP-000435-NDM-000315
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must protect against or limit the effects of all known types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks on the CA API Gateway management network by employing organization-defined security safeguards.
Medium Severity
DoS is a condition when a resource is not available for legitimate users. When this occurs, the organization either cannot accomplish its mission or must operate at degraded capacity. This requirement addresses the configuration of network devices to mitigate the impact of DoS attacks that have occurred or are ongoing on device availability. For each network device, known and potential DoS attacks must be identified and solutions for each type implemented. A variety of technologies exist to limit or, in some cases, eliminate the effects of DoS attacks (e.g., limiting processes or restricting the number of sessions the device opens at one time). Employing increased capacity and bandwidth, combined with service redundancy, may reduce the susceptibility to some DoS attacks. The security safeguards cannot be defined at the DoD level because they vary according to the capabilities of the individual network devices and the security controls applied on the adjacent networks (for example, firewalls performing packet filtering to block DoS attacks).
SRG-APP-000503-NDM-000320
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful logon attempts occur.
Medium Severity
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the network device (e.g., module or policy filter).
SRG-APP-000505-NDM-000322
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must generate audit records showing starting and ending time for administrator access to the system.
Medium Severity
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the network device (e.g., module or policy filter).
SRG-APP-000506-NDM-000323
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must generate audit records when concurrent logons from different workstations occur.
Medium Severity
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the network device (e.g., module or policy filter).
SRG-APP-000515-NDM-000325
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must off-load audit records onto a different system or media than the system being audited.
Low Severity
Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration. Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity.
SRG-APP-000516-NDM-000334
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must generate audit log events for a locally developed list of auditable events.
Medium Severity
Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. Logging the actions of specific events provides a means to investigate an attack; to recognize resource utilization or capacity thresholds; or to identify an improperly configured network device. If auditing is not comprehensive, it will not be useful for intrusion monitoring, security investigations, and forensic analysis.
SRG-APP-000516-NDM-000342
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must employ automated mechanisms to assist in the tracking of security incidents.
Medium Severity
Despite the investment in perimeter defense technologies, enclaves are still faced with detecting, analyzing, and remediating network breaches and exploits that have made it past the network device. An automated incident response infrastructure allows network operations to immediately react to incidents by identifying, analyzing, and mitigating any network device compromise. Incident response teams can perform root cause analysis, determine how the exploit proliferated, and identify all affected nodes, as well as contain and eliminate the threat. The network device assists in the tracking of security incidents by logging detected security events. The audit log and network device application logs capture different types of events. The audit log tracks audit events occurring on the components of the network device. The application log tracks the results of the network device content filtering function. These logs must be aggregated into a centralized server and can be used as part of the organization's security incident tracking and analysis.
SRG-APP-000516-NDM-000339
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must employ automated mechanisms to detect the addition of unauthorized components or devices.
Medium Severity
This requirement addresses configuration management of the network device. The network device must automatically detect the installation of unauthorized software or hardware onto the device itself. Monitoring may be accomplished on an ongoing basis or by periodic monitoring. Automated mechanisms can be implemented within the network device and/or in another separate information system or device. If the addition of unauthorized components or devices is not automatically detected, then such components or devices could be used for malicious purposes, such as transferring sensitive data to removable media for compromise.
SRG-APP-000516-NDM-000317
1 Rule
The CA API Gateway must be installed on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) Version 6.7 or higher.
High Severity
The API Gateway (Appliance version) depends on specific RHEL capabilities for the security, logging, and auditing subsystems. Installation on alternative or older RHEL versions may create vulnerabilities.