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Guide to the Secure Configuration of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • System Settings

    Contains rules that check correct system settings.
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  • Installing and Maintaining Software

    The following sections contain information on security-relevant choices during the initial operating system installation process and the setup of software updates.
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  • Prefer to use a 64-bit Operating System when supported

    Prefer installation of 64-bit operating systems when the CPU supports it.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • System and Software Integrity

    System and software integrity can be gained by installing antivirus, increasing system encryption strength with FIPS, verifying installed software, enabling SELinux, installing an Intrusion Prevent...
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  • Integrity Scan Notification Email Address

    Specify the email address for designated personnel if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner.
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  • Verify Integrity with RPM

    The RPM package management system includes the ability to verify the integrity of installed packages by comparing the installed files with information about the files taken from the package metadat...
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  • pwhistory_remember

    Prevent password re-use using password history lookup
    Value
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  • net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies

    Enable to turn on TCP SYN Cookie Protection
    Value
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  • User Initialization Files Must Be Group-Owned By The Primary Group

    Change the group owner of interactive users files to the group found in <pre>/etc/passwd</pre> for the user. To change the group owner of a local interactive user home directory, use the following ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • User Initialization Files Must Be Owned By the Primary User

    Set the owner of the user initialization files for interactive users to the primary owner with the following command: <pre>$ sudo chown <i>USER</i> /home/<i>USER</i>/.*</pre> This rule ensures eve...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Build and Test AIDE Database

    Run the following command to generate a new database: <pre>$ sudo /usr/sbin/aide --init</pre> By default, the database will be written to the file <code>/var/lib/aide/aide.db.new.gz</code>. Sto...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure AIDE to Verify the Audit Tools

    The operating system file integrity tool must be configured to protect the integrity of the audit tools.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure Notification of Post-AIDE Scan Details

    AIDE should notify appropriate personnel of the details of a scan after the scan has been run. If AIDE has already been configured for periodic execution in <code>/etc/crontab</code>, append the fo...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure AIDE to Use FIPS 140-2 for Validating Hashes

    By default, the <code>sha512</code> option is added to the <code>NORMAL</code> ruleset in AIDE. If using a custom ruleset or the <code>sha512</code> option is missing, add <code>sha512</code> to th...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure AIDE to Verify Access Control Lists (ACLs)

    By default, the <code>acl</code> option is added to the <code>FIPSR</code> ruleset in AIDE. If using a custom ruleset or the <code>acl</code> option is missing, add <code>acl</code> to the appropri...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Audit Tools Must Be Group-owned by Root

    Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools, and the corresponding right...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Audit Tools Must Be Owned by Root

    Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools, and the corresponding right...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Audit Tools Must Have a Mode of 0755 or Less Permissive

    Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools, and the corresponding right...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Enable Dracut FIPS Module

    To enable FIPS mode, run the following command: <pre>fips-mode-setup --enable</pre> To enable FIPS, the system requires that the <code>fips</code> module is added in <code>dracut</code> configurati...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Ensure '/etc/system-fips' exists

    On a system where FIPS mode is enabled, /etc/system-fips must exist. To enable FIPS mode, run the following command: 
    fips-mode-setup --enable
    Rule High Severity
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  • Set kernel parameter 'crypto.fips_enabled' to 1

    System running in FIPS mode is indicated by kernel parameter <code>'crypto.fips_enabled'</code>. This parameter should be set to <code>1</code> in FIPS mode. To enable FIPS mode, run the following ...
    Rule High Severity
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  • System Cryptographic Policies

    Linux has the capability to centrally configure cryptographic polices. The command <code>update-crypto-policies</code> is used to set the policy applicable for the various cryptographic back-ends, ...
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  • SSH client RekeyLimit - size

    Specify the size component of the rekey limit. This limit signifies amount of data. After this amount of data is transferred through the connection, the session key is renegotiated. The number is f...
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  • SSH client RekeyLimit - time

    Specify the time component of the rekey limit. The session key is renegotiated after the defined amount of time passes. The number is followed by units such as H or M for hours or minutes. Note tha...
    Value
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  • The system-provided crypto policies

    Specify the crypto policy for the system.
    Value
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  • domain_kernel_load_modules SELinux Boolean

    default - Default SELinux boolean setting.
    on - SELinux boolean is enabled.
    off - SELinux boolean is disabled.
    Value
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  • entropyd_use_audio SELinux Boolean

    default - Default SELinux boolean setting.
    on - SELinux boolean is enabled.
    off - SELinux boolean is disabled.
    Value
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  • Network Parameters for Hosts Only

    If the system is not going to be used as a router, then setting certain kernel parameters ensure that the host will not perform routing of network traffic.
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  • McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL)

    McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL) is a suite of software applications used to monitor, detect, and defend computer networks and systems.
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  • Memory Poisoning

    Memory Poisoning consists of writing a special value to uninitialized or freed memory. Poisoning can be used as a mechanism to prevent leak of information and detection of corrupted memory.
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  • Install sudo Package

    The sudo package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ sudo dnf install sudo
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure Kerberos to use System Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. Kerberos is supported by crypto policy, but it's configuration may be set up to ignore it. To check that...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Configure OpenSSL library to use System Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. OpenSSL is supported by crypto policy, but the OpenSSL configuration may be set up to ignore it. To chec...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure SSH to use System Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. SSH is supported by crypto policy, but the SSH configuration may be set up to ignore it. To check that C...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Harden SSH client Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies are means of enforcing certain cryptographic settings for selected applications including OpenSSH client. To override the system wide crypto policy for Openssh client, place a file ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure SSH Client to Use FIPS 140-2 Validated Ciphers: openssh.config

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. OpenSSH is supported by system crypto policy, but the OpenSSH configuration may be set up incorrectly. ...
    Rule High Severity
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  • PAM pwhistory remember - control flag

    'Specify the control flag required for password remember requirement. If multiple values are allowed write them separated by commas as in "required,requisite", for remediations the first value will...
    Value
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  • Configure SSH Server to Use FIPS 140-2 Validated MACs: opensshserver.config

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. OpenSSH is supported by system crypto policy, but the OpenSSH configuration may be set up incorrectly. ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Operating System Vendor Support and Certification

    The assurance of a vendor to provide operating system support and maintenance for their product is an important criterion to ensure product stability and security over the life of the product. A ce...
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  • The Installed Operating System Is FIPS 140-2 Certified

    To enable processing of sensitive information the operating system must provide certified cryptographic modules compliant with FIPS 140-2 standard.
    Rule High Severity
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  • The Installed Operating System Is Vendor Supported

    The installed operating system must be maintained by a vendor. Red Hat Enterprise Linux is supported by Red Hat, Inc. As the Red Hat Enterprise Linux vendor, Red Hat, Inc. is responsible for provi...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Endpoint Protection Software

    Endpoint protection security software that is not provided or supported by Red Hat can be installed to provide complementary or duplicative security capabilities to those provided by the base pla...
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  • Configure Backups of User Data

    The operating system must conduct backups of user data contained in the operating system. The operating system provides utilities for automating backups of user data. Commercial and open-source pro...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Install Intrusion Detection Software

    The base Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 platform already includes a sophisticated auditing system that can detect intruder activity, as well as SELinux, which provides host-based intrusion prevention c...
    Rule High Severity
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  • McAfee Endpoint Security Software

    In DoD environments, McAfee Host-based Security System (HBSS) and VirusScan Enterprise for Linux (VSEL) is required to be installed on all systems.
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  • Ensure McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL) is running

    Install McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux antivirus software which is provided for DoD systems and uses signatures to search for the presence of viruses on the filesystem.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • McAfee Host-Based Intrusion Detection Software (HBSS)

    McAfee Host-based Security System (HBSS) is a suite of software applications used to monitor, detect, and defend computer networks and systems.
    Group
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  • Install the Host Intrusion Prevention System (HIPS) Module

    Install the McAfee Host Intrusion Prevention System (HIPS) Module if it is absolutely necessary. If SELinux is enabled, do not install or enable this module.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Encrypt Partitions

    Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 natively supports partition encryption through the Linux Unified Key Setup-on-disk-format (LUKS) technology. The easiest way to encrypt a partition is during installation...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Ensure /home Located On Separate Partition

    If user home directories will be stored locally, create a separate partition for <code>/home</code> at installation time (or migrate it later using LVM). If <code>/home</code> will be mounted from ...
    Rule Low Severity
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