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Canonical Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Security Technical Implementation Guide (STIG) V1R12

Rules and Groups employed by this XCCDF Profile

  • System Settings

    Contains rules that check correct system settings.
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  • Installing and Maintaining Software

    The following sections contain information on security-relevant choices during the initial operating system installation process and the setup of software updates.
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  • System and Software Integrity

    System and software integrity can be gained by installing antivirus, increasing system encryption strength with FIPS, verifying installed software, enabling SELinux, installing an Intrusion Prevent...
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  • Software Integrity Checking

    Both the AIDE (Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment) software and the RPM package management system provide mechanisms for verifying the integrity of installed software. AIDE uses snapshots of ...
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  • Verify Integrity with AIDE

    AIDE conducts integrity checks by comparing information about files with previously-gathered information. Ideally, the AIDE database is created immediately after initial system configuration, and t...
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  • Install AIDE

    The aide package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ apt-get install aide
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Build and Test AIDE Database

    Run the following command to generate a new database: <pre>$ sudo aideinit</pre> By default, the database will be written to the file <code>/var/lib/aide/aide.db.new</code>. Storing the databas...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure AIDE to Verify the Audit Tools

    The operating system file integrity tool must be configured to protect the integrity of the audit tools.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure Periodic Execution of AIDE

    At a minimum, AIDE should be configured to run a weekly scan. To implement a daily execution of AIDE at 4:05am using cron, add the following line to <code>/etc/crontab</code>: <pre>05 4 * * * root ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS)

    The Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) is a computer security standard which is developed by the U.S. Government and industry working groups to validate the quality of cryptographic mod...
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  • Verify '/proc/sys/crypto/fips_enabled' exists

    On a system where FIPS 140-2 mode is enabled, <code>/proc/sys/crypto/fips_enabled</code> must exist. To verify FIPS mode, run the following command: <pre>cat /proc/sys/crypto/fips_enabled</pre> ...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Endpoint Protection Software

    Endpoint protection security software that is not provided or supported by Canonical can be installed to provide complementary or duplicative security capabilities to those provided by the base p...
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  • McAfee Endpoint Security Software

    In DoD environments, McAfee Host-based Security System (HBSS) and VirusScan Enterprise for Linux (VSEL) is required to be installed on all systems.
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  • McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL)

    McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL) is a suite of software applications used to monitor, detect, and defend computer networks and systems.
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  • Install McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL)

    Install McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux antivirus software which is provided for DoD systems and uses signatures to search for the presence of viruses on the filesystem. The <code>mfetp</code> ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Disk Partitioning

    To ensure separation and protection of data, there are top-level system directories which should be placed on their own physical partition or logical volume. The installer's default partitioning sc...
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  • Encrypt Partitions

    Ubuntu 20.04 natively supports partition encryption through the Linux Unified Key Setup-on-disk-format (LUKS) technology. The easiest way to encrypt a partition is during installation time. <br> ...
    Rule High Severity
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  • GNOME Desktop Environment

    GNOME is a graphical desktop environment bundled with many Linux distributions that allow users to easily interact with the operating system graphically rather than textually. The GNOME Graphical D...
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  • Configure GNOME3 DConf User Profile

    By default, DConf provides a standard user profile. This profile contains a list of DConf configuration databases. The user profile and database always take the highest priority. As such the DConf ...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Configure GNOME Screen Locking

    In the default GNOME3 desktop, the screen can be locked by selecting the user name in the far right corner of the main panel and selecting <b>Lock</b>. <br> <br> The following sections deta...
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  • Enable GNOME3 Screensaver Lock After Idle Period

    To activate locking of the screensaver in the GNOME3 desktop when it is activated, add or set <code>lock-enabled</code> to <code>true</code> in <code>/etc/dconf/db/local.d/00-security-settings</co...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • GNOME System Settings

    GNOME provides configuration and functionality to a graphical desktop environment that changes grahical configurations or allow a user to perform actions that users normally would not be able to do...
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  • Disable Ctrl-Alt-Del Reboot Key Sequence in GNOME3

    By default, <code>GNOME</code> will reboot the system if the <code>Ctrl-Alt-Del</code> key sequence is pressed. <br> <br> To configure the system to ignore the <code>Ctrl-Alt-Del</code> ke...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Sudo

    <code>Sudo</code>, which stands for "su 'do'", provides the ability to delegate authority to certain users, groups of users, or system administrators. When configured for system users and/or groups...
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  • Ensure Users Re-Authenticate for Privilege Escalation - sudo

    The sudo <code>NOPASSWD</code> and <code>!authenticate</code> option, when specified, allows a user to execute commands using sudo without having to authenticate. This should be disabled by making ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Updating Software

    The <code>apt_get</code> command line tool is used to install and update software packages. The system also provides a graphical software update tool in the <b>System</b> menu, in the <b>Administra...
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  • Ensure apt_get Removes Previous Package Versions

    <code>apt_get</code> should be configured to remove previous software components after new versions have been installed. To configure <code>apt_get</code> to remove the previous software component...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Account and Access Control

    In traditional Unix security, if an attacker gains shell access to a certain login account, they can perform any action or access any file to which that account has access. Therefore, making it mor...
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  • Warning Banners for System Accesses

    Each system should expose as little information about itself as possible. <br> <br> System banners, which are typically displayed just before a login prompt, give out information about the s...
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  • Modify the System Login Banner for Remote Connections

    To configure the system login banner edit <code>/etc/issue.net</code>. Replace the default text with a message compliant with the local site policy or a legal disclaimer. The DoD required text is ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Implement a GUI Warning Banner

    In the default graphical environment, users logging directly into the system are greeted with a login screen provided by the GNOME Display Manager (GDM). The warning banner should be displayed in t...
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  • Enable GNOME3 Login Warning Banner

    In the default graphical environment, displaying a login warning banner in the GNOME Display Manager's login screen can be enabled on the login screen by setting <code>banner-message-enable</code> ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Set the GNOME3 Login Warning Banner Text

    In the default graphical environment, configuring the login warning banner text in the GNOME Display Manager's login screen can be configured on the login screen by setting <code>banner-message-tex...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Protect Accounts by Configuring PAM

    PAM, or Pluggable Authentication Modules, is a system which implements modular authentication for Linux programs. PAM provides a flexible and configurable architecture for authentication, and it sh...
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  • Install pam_pwquality Package

    The libpam-pwquality package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ apt-get install libpam-pwquality
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure PAM Displays Last Logon/Access Notification

    To configure the system to notify users of last logon/access using <code>pam_lastlog</code>, add or correct the <code>pam_lastlog</code> settings in <code>/etc/pam.d/login</code> to include <code>s...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Set Lockouts for Failed Password Attempts

    The <code>pam_faillock</code> PAM module provides the capability to lock out user accounts after a number of failed login attempts. Its documentation is available in <code>/usr/share/doc/pam-VERSIO...
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  • Limit Password Reuse

    Do not allow users to reuse recent passwords. This can be accomplished by using the remember option for the pam_unix or pam_pwhistory PAM modules.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Enforce Delay After Failed Logon Attempts

    To configure the system to introduce a delay after failed logon attempts, add or correct the <code>pam_faildelay</code> settings in <code>/etc/pam.d/common-auth</code> to make sure its <code>delay<...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Account Lockouts Must Be Logged

    PAM faillock locks an account due to excessive password failures, this event must be logged.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Set Password Quality Requirements

    The default <code>pam_pwquality</code> PAM module provides strength checking for passwords. It performs a number of checks, such as making sure passwords are not similar to dictionary words, are of...
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  • Set Password Quality Requirements with pam_pwquality

    The <code>pam_pwquality</code> PAM module can be configured to meet requirements for a variety of policies. <br> <br> For example, to configure <code>pam_pwquality</code> to require at lea...
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  • Ensure PAM Enforces Password Requirements - Minimum Digit Characters

    The pam_pwquality module's <code>dcredit</code> parameter controls requirements for usage of digits in a password. When set to a negative number, any password will be required to contain that many ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure PAM Enforces Password Requirements - Prevent the Use of Dictionary Words

    The pam_pwquality module's dictcheck check if passwords contains dictionary words. When dictcheck is set to 1 passwords will be checked for dictionary words.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure PAM Enforces Password Requirements - Minimum Different Characters

    The pam_pwquality module's <code>difok</code> parameter sets the number of characters in a password that must not be present in and old password during a password change. <br> <br> Modify...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure PAM Enforces Password Requirements - Enforcing

    Verify that the operating system uses "pwquality" to enforce the password complexity rules. Verify the pwquality module is being enforced by operating system by running the following command: <pre...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure PAM Enforces Password Requirements - Minimum Lowercase Characters

    The pam_pwquality module's <code>lcredit</code> parameter controls requirements for usage of lowercase letters in a password. When set to a negative number, any password will be required to contain...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure PAM Enforces Password Requirements - Minimum Length

    The pam_pwquality module's <code>minlen</code> parameter controls requirements for minimum characters required in a password. Add <code>minlen=<xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_val...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure PAM Enforces Password Requirements - Minimum Special Characters

    The pam_pwquality module's <code>ocredit=</code> parameter controls requirements for usage of special (or "other") characters in a password. When set to a negative number, any password will be requ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure PAM Enforces Password Requirements - Authentication Retry Prompts Permitted Per-Session

    To configure the number of retry prompts that are permitted per-session: Edit the <code>pam_pwquality.so</code> statement in <code>/etc/pam.d/common-password</code> to show <code>retry=<xccdf-1...
    Rule Medium Severity
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