MS SQL Server 2016 Instance Security Technical Implementation Guide
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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SRG-APP-000023-DB-000001
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must integrate with an organization-level authentication/access mechanism providing account management and automation for all users, groups, roles, and any other principals.
<VulnDiscussion>Enterprise environments make account management for applications and databases challenging and complex. A manual process for ...Rule High Severity -
SRG-APP-000023-DB-000001
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must limit privileges to change software modules and links to software external to SQL Server.
<VulnDiscussion>If the system were to allow any user to make changes to software libraries, then those changes might be implemented without u...Rule Medium Severity -
SQL Server must protect against a user falsely repudiating by ensuring only clearly unique Active Directory user accounts can connect to the instance.
<VulnDiscussion>Non-repudiation of actions taken is required in order to maintain data integrity. Examples of particular actions taken by ind...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000089-DB-000064
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SRG-APP-000133-DB-000179
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must be configured to utilize the most-secure authentication method available.
<VulnDiscussion>Enterprise environments make account management for applications and databases challenging and complex. A manual process for ...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000033-DB-000084
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must enforce approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies.
<VulnDiscussion>Authentication with a DoD-approved PKI certificate does not necessarily imply authorization to access SQL Server. To mitigat...Rule High Severity -
SRG-APP-000080-DB-000063
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must protect against a user falsely repudiating by ensuring all accounts are individual, unique, and not shared.
<VulnDiscussion>Non-repudiation of actions taken is required in order to maintain data integrity. Examples of particular actions taken by ind...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000080-DB-000063
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must protect against a user falsely repudiating by ensuring the NT AUTHORITY SYSTEM account is not used for administration.
<VulnDiscussion>Non-repudiation of actions taken is required in order to maintain data integrity. Examples of particular actions taken by ind...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000080-DB-000063
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must be configured to generate audit records for DoD-defined auditable events within all DBMS/database components.
<VulnDiscussion>Without the capability to generate audit records, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events r...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000090-DB-000065
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must allow only the ISSM (or individuals or roles appointed by the ISSM) to select which auditable events are to be audited.
<VulnDiscussion>Without the capability to restrict which roles and individuals can select which events are audited, unauthorized personnel ma...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000091-DB-000325
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to retrieve privileges/permissions occur.
<VulnDiscussion>Under some circumstances, it may be useful to monitor who/what is reading privilege/permission/role information. Therefore, m...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000092-DB-000208
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must initiate session auditing upon startup.
<VulnDiscussion>Session auditing is for use when a user's activities are under investigation. To be sure of capturing all activity during tho...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000101-DB-000044
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must include additional, more detailed, organization-defined information in the audit records for audit events identified by type, location, or subject.
<VulnDiscussion>Information system auditing capability is critical for accurate forensic analysis. Reconstruction of harmful events or forens...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000109-DB-000049
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must by default shut down upon audit failure, to include the unavailability of space for more audit log records; or must be configurable to shut down upon audit failure.
<VulnDiscussion>It is critical that when SQL Server is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required, it takes action to mitigate the ...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000109-DB-000321
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must be configurable to overwrite audit log records, oldest first (First-In-First-Out - FIFO), in the event of unavailability of space for more audit log records.
<VulnDiscussion>It is critical that when SQL Server is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required, it take action to mitigate the f...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000118-DB-000059
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
The audit information produced by SQL Server must be protected from unauthorized access, modification, and deletion.
<VulnDiscussion>If audit data were to become compromised, then competent forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially ma...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000122-DB-000203
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must protect its audit configuration from authorized and unauthorized access and modification.
<VulnDiscussion>Protecting audit data also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, pro...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000133-DB-000179
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server must limit privileges to change software modules, to include stored procedures, functions and triggers, and links to software external to SQL Server.
<VulnDiscussion>If the system were to allow any user to make changes to software libraries, then those changes might be implemented without u...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000133-DB-000198
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
SQL Server software installation account must be restricted to authorized users.
<VulnDiscussion>When dealing with change control issues, it should be noted any changes to the hardware, software, and/or firmware components...Rule High Severity -
SRG-APP-000133-DB-000199
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
Database software, including DBMS configuration files, must be stored in dedicated directories, separate from the host OS and other applications.
<VulnDiscussion>When dealing with change control issues, it should be noted any changes to the hardware, software, and/or firmware components...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000141-DB-000090
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
Default demonstration and sample databases, database objects, and applications must be removed.
<VulnDiscussion>Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, pr...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000141-DB-000091
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
Unused database components, DBMS software, and database objects must be removed.
<VulnDiscussion>Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, pr...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000141-DB-000092
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
Unused database components that are integrated in SQL Server and cannot be uninstalled must be disabled.
<VulnDiscussion>Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, pr...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000141-DB-000093
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
Access to xp_cmdshell must be disabled, unless specifically required and approved.
<VulnDiscussion>Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, pr...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000141-DB-000093
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
Access to CLR code must be disabled or restricted, unless specifically required and approved.
<VulnDiscussion>Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, pr...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000141-DB-000093
<GroupDescription></GroupDescription>Group -
Access to Non-Standard extended stored procedures must be disabled or restricted, unless specifically required and approved.
<VulnDiscussion>Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, pr...Rule Medium Severity
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