EnterpriseDB Postgres Advanced Server (EPAS) Security Technical Implementation Guide
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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SRG-APP-000495-DB-000328
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SRG-APP-000495-DB-000329
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SRG-APP-000496-DB-000334
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SRG-APP-000496-DB-000335
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SRG-APP-000498-DB-000346
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SRG-APP-000498-DB-000346
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SRG-APP-000498-DB-000347
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The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must limit the number of concurrent sessions to an organization-defined number per user for all accounts and/or account types.
Database management includes the ability to control the number of users and user sessions utilizing a DBMS. Unlimited concurrent connections to the DBMS could allow a successful Denial of Service (...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must integrate with an organization-level authentication/access mechanism providing account management and automation for all users, groups, roles, and any other principals.
Enterprise environments make account management for applications and databases challenging and complex. A manual process for account management functions adds the risk of a potential oversight or o...Rule High Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must enforce approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies.
Authentication with a DOD-approved PKI certificate does not necessarily imply authorization to access the DBMS. To mitigate the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information by entities that...Rule High Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must protect against a user falsely repudiating having performed organization-defined actions.
Nonrepudiation of actions taken is required in order to maintain data integrity. Examples of particular actions taken by individuals include creating information, sending a message, approving infor...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must provide audit record generation capability for DOD-defined auditable events within all EDB Postgres Advanced Server/database components.
Without the capability to generate audit records, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit rec...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must allow only the ISSM (or individuals or roles appointed by the ISSM) to select which auditable events are to be audited.
Without the capability to restrict which roles and individuals can select which events are audited, unauthorized personnel may be able to prevent or interfere with the auditing of critical events. ...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must generate audit records when privileges/permissions are retrieved.
Under some circumstances, it may be useful to monitor who/what is reading privilege/permission/role information. Therefore, it must be possible to configure auditing to do this. DBMSs typically mak...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must generate audit records when unsuccessful attempts to retrieve privileges/permissions occur.
Under some circumstances, it may be useful to monitor who/what is reading privilege/permission/role information. Therefore, it must be possible to configure auditing to do this. DBMSs typically mak...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish what type of events occurred.
Information system auditing capability is critical for accurate forensic analysis. Without establishing what type of event occurred, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate t...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish the outcome (success or failure) of the events.
Information system auditing capability is critical for accurate forensic analysis. Without information about the outcome of events, security personnel cannot make an accurate assessment as to wheth...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must include additional, more detailed, organization-defined information in the audit records for audit events identified by type, location, or subject.
Information system auditing capability is critical for accurate forensic analysis. Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough infor...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must be configurable to overwrite audit log records, oldest first (First-In-First-Out [FIFO]), in the event of unavailability of space for more audit log records.
It is critical that when the DBMS is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required, it take action to mitigate the failure. Audit processing failures include: software/hardware errors; failu...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must protect its audit features from unauthorized access.
Protecting audit data also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Depending upon the log format and application, system, and application log tools may ...Rule Medium Severity -
EDB Postgres Advanced Server software modules, to include stored procedures, functions, and triggers must be monitored to discover unauthorized changes.
If the system were to allow any user to make changes to software libraries, then those changes might be implemented without undergoing the appropriate testing and approvals that are part of a robus...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server software installation account must be restricted to authorized users.
When dealing with change control issues, it should be noted any changes to the hardware, software, and/or firmware components of the information system and/or application can have significant effec...Rule High Severity -
Database objects must be owned by database/EDB Postgres Advanced Server principals authorized for ownership.
Database objects include but are not limited to tables, indexes, storage, stored procedures, functions, triggers, and links to software external to the EDB Postgres Advanced Server, etc. Within th...Rule Medium Severity -
The role(s)/group(s) used to modify database structure and logic modules must be restricted to authorized users.
Database structures include but are not necessarily limited to tables, indexes, storage, etc. Logic modules are objects such as stored procedures, functions, triggers, and links to software extern...Rule Medium Severity -
Unused database components which are integrated in the EDB Postgres Advanced Server and cannot be uninstalled must be disabled.
Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, provided by default, may not be necessary to support essential organizatio...Rule Medium Severity -
Access to external executables must be disabled or restricted.
Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, provided by default, may not be necessary to support essential organizatio...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must uniquely identify and authenticate organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users).
To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, organizational users must be identified and authenticated to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system. Organizational user...Rule Medium Severity -
If passwords are used for authentication, the EDB Postgres Advanced Server must transmit only encrypted representations of passwords.
The DOD standard for authentication is DOD-approved PKI certificates. Authentication based on User ID and Password may be used only when it is not possible to employ a PKI certificate, and require...Rule High Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server, when utilizing PKI-based authentication, must validate certificates by performing RFC 5280-compliant certification path validation.
The DOD standard for authentication is DOD-approved PKI certificates. A certificate's certification path is the path from the end entity certificate to a trusted root certification authority (CA)....Rule Medium Severity -
When using command-line tools such as psql, users must use a logon method that does not expose the password.
To prevent the compromise of authentication information, such as passwords and PINs, during the authentication process, the feedback from the information system must not provide any information tha...Rule High Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must uniquely identify and authenticate nonorganizational users (or processes acting on behalf of nonorganizational users).
Nonorganizational users include all information system users other than organizational users, which include organizational employees or individuals the organization deems to have equivalent status ...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must invalidate session identifiers upon user logout or other session termination.
Captured sessions can be reused in "replay" attacks. This requirement limits the ability of adversaries to capture and continue to employ previously valid session IDs. This requirement focuses on ...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must isolate security functions from nonsecurity functions.
An isolation boundary provides access control and protects the integrity of the hardware, software, and firmware that perform security functions. Security functions are the hardware, software, and...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must check the validity of all data inputs except those specifically identified by the organization.
Invalid user input occurs when a user inserts data or characters into an application's data entry fields and the application is unprepared to process that data. This results in unanticipated applic...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server and associated applications must reserve the use of dynamic code execution for situations that require it.
With respect to database management systems, one class of threat is known as SQL Injection, or more generally, code injection. It takes advantage of the dynamic execution capabilities of various pr...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must provide nonprivileged users with error messages that provide information necessary for corrective actions without revealing information that could be exploited by adversaries.
Any DBMS or associated application providing too much information in error messages on the screen or printout risks compromising the data and security of the system. The structure and content of er...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must automatically terminate a user session after organization-defined conditions or trigger events requiring session disconnect.
This addresses the termination of user-initiated logical sessions in contrast to the termination of network connections that are associated with communications sessions (i.e., network disconnect). ...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must associate organization-defined types of security labels having organization-defined security label values with information in transmission.
Without the association of security labels to information, there is no basis for the DBMS to make security-related access-control decisions. Security labels are abstractions representing the basic...Rule Medium Severity -
Execution of software modules (to include stored procedures, functions, and triggers) with elevated privileges must be restricted to necessary cases only.
In certain situations, to provide required functionality, a DBMS needs to execute internal logic (stored procedures, functions, triggers, etc.) and/or external code modules with elevated privileges...Rule Medium Severity -
Execution of software modules (to include stored procedures, functions, and triggers) with elevated privileges must be restricted to necessary cases only.
In certain situations, to provide required functionality, a DBMS needs to execute internal logic (stored procedures, functions, triggers, etc.) and/or external code modules with elevated privileges...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must prohibit user installation of logic modules (stored procedures, functions, triggers, views, etc.) without explicit privileged status.
Allowing regular users to install software without explicit privileges creates the risk that untested or potentially malicious software will be installed on the system. Explicit privileges (escalat...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must require users to reauthenticate when organization-defined circumstances or situations require reauthentication.
The DOD standard for authentication of an interactive user is the presentation of a Common Access Card (CAC) or other physical token bearing a valid, current, DOD-issued Public Key Infrastructure (...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must only accept end entity certificates issued by DOD PKI or DOD-approved PKI Certification Authorities (CAs) for the establishment of all encrypted sessions.
Only DOD-approved external PKIs have been evaluated to ensure that they have security controls and identity vetting procedures in place which are sufficient for DOD systems to rely on the identity ...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must implement cryptographic mechanisms preventing the unauthorized disclosure of organization-defined information at rest on organization-defined information system components.
DBMSs handling data requiring data at rest protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. These cryptographic mecha...Rule Medium Severity -
When invalid inputs are received, the EDB Postgres Advanced Server must behave in a predictable and documented manner that reflects organizational and system objectives.
A common vulnerability is unplanned behavior when invalid inputs are received. This requirement guards against adverse or unintended system behavior caused by invalid inputs, where information syst...Rule Medium Severity -
Security-relevant software updates to the EDB Postgres Advanced Server must be installed within the time period directed by an authoritative source (e.g., IAVM, CTOs, DTMs, and STIGs).
Security flaws with software applications, including database management systems, are discovered daily. Vendors are constantly updating and patching their products to address newly discovered secur...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must generate audit records when unsuccessful attempts to add privileges/permissions occur.
Failed attempts to change the permissions, privileges, and roles granted to users and roles must be tracked. Without an audit trail, unauthorized attempts to elevate or restrict individuals' and gr...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must generate audit records when privileges/permissions are modified.
Changes in the permissions, privileges, and roles granted to users and roles must be tracked. Without an audit trail, unauthorized elevation or restriction of individuals' and groups' privileges co...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must generate audit records when unsuccessful attempts to modify privileges/permissions occur.
Failed attempts to change the permissions, privileges, and roles granted to users and roles must be tracked. Without an audit trail, unauthorized attempts to elevate or restrict individuals' and gr...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must generate audit records when security objects are modified.
Changes in the database objects (tables, views, procedures, and functions) that record and control permissions, privileges, and roles granted to users and roles must be tracked. Without an audit tr...Rule Medium Severity
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