Oracle Database 11.2g Security Technical Implementation Guide
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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Fixed user and public database links must be authorized for use.
Database links define connections that may be used by the local database to access remote Oracle databases. These links provide a means for a compromise to the local database to spread to remote da...Rule Medium Severity -
A minimum of two Oracle control files must be defined and configured to be stored on separate, archived disks (physical or virtual) or archived partitions on a RAID device.
Oracle control files are used to store information critical to Oracle database integrity. Oracle uses these files to maintain time synchronization of database files as well as at system startup to ...Rule Low Severity -
Execute permission must be revoked from PUBLIC for restricted Oracle packages.
Access to the following packages should be restricted to authorized accounts only. UTL_FILE: allows Oracle accounts to read and write files on the host operating system. UTL_SMTP: allows messages ...Rule Medium Severity -
The Oracle SQL92_SECURITY parameter must be set to TRUE.
The configuration option SQL92_SECURITY specifies whether table-level SELECT privileges are required to execute an update or delete that references table column values. If this option is disabled (...Rule Medium Severity -
System Privileges must not be granted to PUBLIC.
System privileges can be granted to users and roles and to the user group PUBLIC. All privileges granted to PUBLIC are accessible to every user in the database. Many of these privileges convey cons...Rule Medium Severity -
Object permissions granted to PUBLIC must be restricted.
Permissions on objects may be granted to the user group PUBLIC. Because every database user is a member of the PUBLIC group, granting object permissions to PUBLIC gives all users in the database ac...Rule Medium Severity -
Unauthorized database links must not be defined and active.
DBMS links provide a communication and data transfer path definition between two databases that may be used by malicious users to discover and obtain unauthorized access to remote systems. Database...Rule Medium Severity -
Application object owner accounts must be disabled when not performing installation or maintenance actions.
Object ownership provides all database object permissions to the owned object. Access to the application object owner accounts requires special protection to prevent unauthorized access and use of ...Rule Medium Severity -
Network access to the DBMS must be restricted to authorized personnel.
Restricting remote access to specific, trusted systems helps prevent access by unauthorized and potentially malicious users.Rule Medium Severity -
Changes to configuration options must be audited.
The AUDIT_SYS_OPERATIONS parameter is used to enable auditing of actions taken by the user SYS. The SYS user account is a shared account by definition and holds all privileges in the Oracle databas...Rule Medium Severity -
The /diag subdirectory under the directory assigned to the DIAGNOSTIC_DEST parameter must be protected from unauthorized access.
<DIAGNOSTIC_DEST>/diag indicates the directory where trace, alert, core and incident directories and files are located. The files may contain sensitive data or information that could prove useful t...Rule Medium Severity -
The DBMS, when using PKI-based authentication, must enforce authorized access to the corresponding private key.
The cornerstone of the PKI is the private key used to encrypt or digitally sign information. If the private key is stolen, this will lead to the compromise of the authentication and non-repudiatio...Rule High Severity -
The DBMS must enforce approved authorizations for logical access to the system in accordance with applicable policy.
Strong access controls are critical to securing application data. Access control policies (e.g., identity-based policies, role-based policies, attribute-based policies) and access enforcement mecha...Rule Medium Severity -
The DBMS must provide audit record generation capability for organization-defined auditable events within the database.
Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system. (e.g., network interface, hard disk, modem, etc.). From an application perspective, certain specific applicatio...Rule Medium Severity -
The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred.
Information system auditing capability is critical for accurate forensic analysis. Audit record content that may be necessary to satisfy the requirement of this control includes: timestamps, sourc...Rule Medium Severity -
The DBMS must include organization-defined additional, more detailed information in the audit records for audit events identified by type, location, or subject.
Information system auditing capability is critical for accurate forensic analysis. Audit record content that may be necessary to satisfy the requirement of this control includes: timestamps, sourc...Rule Medium Severity -
The DBMS must protect audit information from any type of unauthorized access.
If audit data were to become compromised, then competent forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is difficult, if not impossible, to achieve. In ...Rule Medium Severity -
The DBMS must protect audit tools from unauthorized access.
Protecting audit data also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Depending upon the log format and application, system and application log tools may ...Rule Medium Severity -
Default demonstration and sample databases, database objects, and applications must be removed.
Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, provided by default, may not be necessary to support essential organizatio...Rule Medium Severity -
Unused database components, DBMS software, and database objects must be removed.
Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, provided by default, may not be necessary to support essential organizatio...Rule Medium Severity
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