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Guide to the Secure Configuration of Oracle Linux 9

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • System Settings

    Contains rules that check correct system settings.
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  • Installing and Maintaining Software

    The following sections contain information on security-relevant choices during the initial operating system installation process and the setup of software updates.
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  • Prefer to use a 64-bit Operating System when supported

    Prefer installation of 64-bit operating systems when the CPU supports it.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • System and Software Integrity

    System and software integrity can be gained by installing antivirus, increasing system encryption strength with FIPS, verifying installed software, enabling SELinux, installing an Intrusion Prevent...
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  • Integrity Scan Notification Email Address

    Specify the email address for designated personnel if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner.
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  • Verify Integrity with RPM

    The RPM package management system includes the ability to verify the integrity of installed packages by comparing the installed files with information about the files taken from the package metadat...
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  • Maximum login attempts delay

    Maximum time in seconds between fail login attempts before re-prompting.
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  • Maximum concurrent login sessions

    Maximum number of concurrent sessions by a user
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  • Configure NFS Clients

    The steps in this section are appropriate for systems which operate as NFS clients.
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  • Maximum NTP or Chrony Poll

    The maximum NTP or Chrony poll interval number in seconds specified as a power of two.
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  • number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled

    The number of days to wait after a password expires, until the account will be permanently disabled.
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  • Sudo - umask value

    Specify the sudo umask to use. The actual umask value that is used is the union of the user's umask and the sudo umask. The default sudo umask is 0022. This guarantess sudo never lowers the umask w...
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  • Remote Login Banner Verbiage

    Enter an appropriate login banner for your organization. Please note that new lines must be expressed by the '\n' character and special characters like parentheses and quotation marks must be escap...
    Value
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  • Account Inactivity Timeout (seconds)

    In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as the number of seconds to wait for input after issuing the primary prompt. Bash terminates after waiting for that number of seconds if input does...
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  • Interactive users initialization files

    'A regular expression describing a list of file names for files that are sourced at login time for interactive users'
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  • Verify Integrity with AIDE

    AIDE conducts integrity checks by comparing information about files with previously-gathered information. Ideally, the AIDE database is created immediately after initial system configuration, and t...
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  • Install AIDE

    The aide package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ sudo yum install aide
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Build and Test AIDE Database

    Run the following command to generate a new database: <pre>$ sudo /usr/sbin/aide --init</pre> By default, the database will be written to the file <code>/var/lib/aide/aide.db.new.gz</code>. Sto...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure AIDE to Verify the Audit Tools

    The operating system file integrity tool must be configured to protect the integrity of the audit tools.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure Notification of Post-AIDE Scan Details

    AIDE should notify appropriate personnel of the details of a scan after the scan has been run. If AIDE has already been configured for periodic execution in <code>/etc/crontab</code>, append the fo...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure AIDE to Verify Access Control Lists (ACLs)

    By default, the <code>acl</code> option is added to the <code>FIPSR</code> ruleset in AIDE. If using a custom ruleset or the <code>acl</code> option is missing, add <code>acl</code> to the appropri...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Configure AIDE to Verify Extended Attributes

    By default, the <code>xattrs</code> option is added to the <code>FIPSR</code> ruleset in AIDE. If using a custom ruleset or the <code>xattrs</code> option is missing, add <code>xattrs</code> to the...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Audit Tools Must Be Group-owned by Root

    Oracle Linux 9 systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools, and the corresponding rights the user e...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Audit Tools Must Be Owned by Root

    Oracle Linux 9 systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools, and the corresponding rights the user e...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Audit Tools Must Have a Mode of 0755 or Less Permissive

    Oracle Linux 9 systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools, and the corresponding rights the user e...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure '/etc/system-fips' exists

    On a system where FIPS mode is enabled, /etc/system-fips must exist. To enable FIPS mode, run the following command: 
    fips-mode-setup --enable
    Rule High Severity
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  • Set kernel parameter 'crypto.fips_enabled' to 1

    System running in FIPS mode is indicated by kernel parameter <code>'crypto.fips_enabled'</code>. This parameter should be set to <code>1</code> in FIPS mode. To enable FIPS mode, run the following ...
    Rule High Severity
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  • System Cryptographic Policies

    Linux has the capability to centrally configure cryptographic polices. The command <code>update-crypto-policies</code> is used to set the policy applicable for the various cryptographic back-ends, ...
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  • SSH client RekeyLimit - size

    Specify the size component of the rekey limit. This limit signifies amount of data. After this amount of data is transferred through the connection, the session key is renegotiated. The number is f...
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  • SSH client RekeyLimit - time

    Specify the time component of the rekey limit. The session key is renegotiated after the defined amount of time passes. The number is followed by units such as H or M for hours or minutes. Note tha...
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  • The system-provided crypto policies

    Specify the crypto policy for the system.
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  • Install crypto-policies package

    The crypto-policies package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ sudo yum install crypto-policies
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure BIND to use System Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. BIND is supported by crypto policy, but the BIND configuration may be set up to ignore it. To check tha...
    Rule High Severity
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  • McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL)

    McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL) is a suite of software applications used to monitor, detect, and defend computer networks and systems.
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  • Configure Kerberos to use System Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. Kerberos is supported by crypto policy, but it's configuration may be set up to ignore it. To check that...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Configure Libreswan to use System Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. Libreswan is supported by system crypto policy, but the Libreswan configuration may be set up to ignore ...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Configure OpenSSL library to use System Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. OpenSSL is supported by crypto policy, but the OpenSSL configuration may be set up to ignore it. To chec...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure OpenSSL library to use TLS Encryption

    Crypto Policies are means of enforcing certain cryptographic settings for selected applications including OpenSSL. OpenSSL is by default configured to modify its configuration based on currently co...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure SSH to use System Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. SSH is supported by crypto policy, but the SSH configuration may be set up to ignore it. To check that C...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Harden SSH client Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies are means of enforcing certain cryptographic settings for selected applications including OpenSSH client. To override the system wide crypto policy for Openssh client, place a file ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure SSH Server to Use FIPS 140-2 Validated Ciphers: opensshserver.config

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. OpenSSH is supported by system crypto policy, but the OpenSSH configuration may be set up incorrectly. ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure SSH Server to Use FIPS 140-2 Validated MACs: opensshserver.config

    Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. OpenSSH is supported by system crypto policy, but the OpenSSH configuration may be set up incorrectly. ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Operating System Vendor Support and Certification

    The assurance of a vendor to provide operating system support and maintenance for their product is an important criterion to ensure product stability and security over the life of the product. A ce...
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  • The Installed Operating System Is Vendor Supported

    The installed operating system must be maintained by a vendor. Oracle Linux is supported by Oracle Corporation. As the Oracle Linux vendor, Oracle Corporation is responsible for providing security...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Endpoint Protection Software

    Endpoint protection security software that is not provided or supported by Oracle Corporation can be installed to provide complementary or duplicative security capabilities to those provided by t...
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  • Configure Backups of User Data

    The operating system must conduct backups of user data contained in the operating system. The operating system provides utilities for automating backups of user data. Commercial and open-source pro...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • McAfee Endpoint Security Software

    In DoD environments, McAfee Host-based Security System (HBSS) and VirusScan Enterprise for Linux (VSEL) is required to be installed on all systems.
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  • Ensure McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL) is running

    Install McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux antivirus software which is provided for DoD systems and uses signatures to search for the presence of viruses on the filesystem.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Encrypt Partitions

    Oracle Linux 9 natively supports partition encryption through the Linux Unified Key Setup-on-disk-format (LUKS) technology. The easiest way to encrypt a partition is during installation time. <br> ...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Ensure /home Located On Separate Partition

    If user home directories will be stored locally, create a separate partition for <code>/home</code> at installation time (or migrate it later using LVM). If <code>/home</code> will be mounted from ...
    Rule Low Severity
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