Standard System Security Profile for Fedora
Rules and Groups employed by this XCCDF Profile
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System Settings
Contains rules that check correct system settings.Group -
Installing and Maintaining Software
The following sections contain information on security-relevant choices during the initial operating system installation process and the setup of software updates.Group -
System and Software Integrity
System and software integrity can be gained by installing antivirus, increasing system encryption strength with FIPS, verifying installed software, enabling SELinux, installing an Intrusion Prevent...Group -
Software Integrity Checking
Both the AIDE (Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment) software and the RPM package management system provide mechanisms for verifying the integrity of installed software. AIDE uses snapshots of ...Group -
Verify Integrity with RPM
The RPM package management system includes the ability to verify the integrity of installed packages by comparing the installed files with information about the files taken from the package metadat...Group -
Verify File Hashes with RPM
Without cryptographic integrity protections, system executables and files can be altered by unauthorized users without detection. The RPM package management system can check the hashes of installed...Rule High Severity -
Verify and Correct File Permissions with RPM
The RPM package management system can check file access permissions of installed software packages, including many that are important to system security. Verify that the file permissions of system ...Rule High Severity -
Verify Integrity with AIDE
AIDE conducts integrity checks by comparing information about files with previously-gathered information. Ideally, the AIDE database is created immediately after initial system configuration, and t...Group -
Build and Test AIDE Database
Run the following command to generate a new database: <pre>$ sudo /usr/sbin/aide --init</pre> By default, the database will be written to the file <code>/var/lib/aide/aide.db.new.gz</code>. Sto...Rule Medium Severity -
System Cryptographic Policies
Linux has the capability to centrally configure cryptographic polices. The command <code>update-crypto-policies</code> is used to set the policy applicable for the various cryptographic back-ends, ...Group -
Configure BIND to use System Crypto Policy
Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. BIND is supported by crypto policy, but the BIND configuration may be set up to ignore it. To check tha...Rule High Severity -
Configure System Cryptography Policy
To configure the system cryptography policy to use ciphers only from the <code><xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_value_var_system_crypto_policy" use="legacy"></xccdf-1.2:sub></code...Rule High Severity -
Configure Kerberos to use System Crypto Policy
Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. Kerberos is supported by crypto policy, but it's configuration may be set up to ignore it. To check that...Rule High Severity -
Configure Libreswan to use System Crypto Policy
Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. Libreswan is supported by system crypto policy, but the Libreswan configuration may be set up to ignore ...Rule High Severity -
Configure OpenSSL library to use System Crypto Policy
Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. OpenSSL is supported by crypto policy, but the OpenSSL configuration may be set up to ignore it. To chec...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure SSH to use System Crypto Policy
Crypto Policies provide a centralized control over crypto algorithms usage of many packages. SSH is supported by crypto policy, but the SSH configuration may be set up to ignore it. To check that C...Rule Medium Severity -
Updating Software
The <code>dnf</code> command line tool is used to install and update software packages. The system also provides a graphical software update tool in the <b>System</b> menu, in the <b>Administration...Group -
Ensure gpgcheck Enabled In Main dnf Configuration
The <code>gpgcheck</code> option controls whether RPM packages' signatures are always checked prior to installation. To configure dnf to check package signatures before installing them, ensure the ...Rule High Severity -
Ensure gpgcheck Enabled for All dnf Package Repositories
To ensure signature checking is not disabled for any repos, remove any lines from files in/etc/yum.repos.dof the form:gpgcheck=0
Rule High Severity -
Account and Access Control
In traditional Unix security, if an attacker gains shell access to a certain login account, they can perform any action or access any file to which that account has access. Therefore, making it mor...Group -
Protect Accounts by Configuring PAM
PAM, or Pluggable Authentication Modules, is a system which implements modular authentication for Linux programs. PAM provides a flexible and configurable architecture for authentication, and it sh...Group -
Ensure PAM Displays Last Logon/Access Notification
To configure the system to notify users of last logon/access using <code>pam_lastlog</code>, add or correct the <code>pam_lastlog</code> settings in <code>/etc/pam.d/postlogin</code> to include <co...Rule Low Severity -
Protect Accounts by Restricting Password-Based Login
Conventionally, Unix shell accounts are accessed by providing a username and password to a login program, which tests these values for correctness using the <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/...Group -
Set Account Expiration Parameters
Accounts can be configured to be automatically disabled after a certain time period, meaning that they will require administrator interaction to become usable again. Expiration of accounts after in...Group -
Ensure All Accounts on the System Have Unique Names
Ensure accounts on the system have unique names. To ensure all accounts have unique names, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo getent passwd | awk -F: '{ print $1}' | uniq -d</pre> If a usernam...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Expiration Parameters
The file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> controls several password-related settings. Programs such as <code>passwd</code>, <code>su</code>, and <code>login</code> consult <code>/etc/login.defs</code> ...Group -
Set Password Maximum Age
To specify password maximum age for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MAX_DAYS <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.con...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Minimum Age
To specify password minimum age for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MIN_DAYS <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.con...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Warning Age
To specify how many days prior to password expiration that a warning will be issued to users, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_WARN_AGE <...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Proper Storage and Existence of Password Hashes
By default, password hashes for local accounts are stored in the second field (colon-separated) in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. This file should be readable only by processes running with root credent...Group -
Verify All Account Password Hashes are Shadowed
If any password hashes are stored in <code>/etc/passwd</code> (in the second field, instead of an <code>x</code> or <code>*</code>), the cause of this misconfiguration should be investigated. The a...Rule Medium Severity -
All GIDs referenced in /etc/passwd must be defined in /etc/group
Add a group to the system for each GID referenced without a corresponding group.Rule Low Severity -
Prevent Login to Accounts With Empty Password
If an account is configured for password authentication but does not have an assigned password, it may be possible to log into the account without authentication. Remove any instances of the <code>...Rule High Severity -
Verify No netrc Files Exist
The <code>.netrc</code> files contain login information used to auto-login into FTP servers and reside in the user's home directory. These files may contain unencrypted passwords to remote FTP serv...Rule Medium Severity -
Restrict Root Logins
Direct root logins should be allowed only for emergency use. In normal situations, the administrator should access the system via a unique unprivileged account, and then use <code>su</code> or <cod...Group -
Verify Only Root Has UID 0
If any account other than root has a UID of 0, this misconfiguration should be investigated and the accounts other than root should be removed or have their UID changed. <br> If the account is asso...Rule High Severity -
Direct root Logins Not Allowed
To further limit access to the <code>root</code> account, administrators can disable root logins at the console by editing the <code>/etc/securetty</code> file. This file lists all devices the root...Rule Medium Severity -
Restrict Serial Port Root Logins
To restrict root logins on serial ports, ensure lines of this form do not appear in/etc/securetty:ttyS0 ttyS1
Rule Medium Severity -
Restrict Virtual Console Root Logins
To restrict root logins through the (deprecated) virtual console devices, ensure lines of this form do not appear in/etc/securetty:vc/1 vc/2 vc/3 vc/4
Rule Medium Severity -
Secure Session Configuration Files for Login Accounts
When a user logs into a Unix account, the system configures the user's session by reading a number of files. Many of these files are located in the user's home directory, and may have weak permissi...Group -
Ensure that No Dangerous Directories Exist in Root's Path
The active path of the root account can be obtained by starting a new root shell and running: <pre># echo $PATH</pre> This will produce a colon-separated list of directories in the path. <br> ...Group -
Ensure that Root's Path Does Not Include World or Group-Writable Directories
For each element in root's path, run:# ls -ld DIRand ensure that write permissions are disabled for group and other.Rule Medium Severity -
System Accounting with auditd
The audit service provides substantial capabilities for recording system activities. By default, the service audits about SELinux AVC denials and certain types of security-relevant events such as s...Group -
Enable auditd Service
The <code>auditd</code> service is an essential userspace component of the Linux Auditing System, as it is responsible for writing audit records to disk. The <code>auditd</code> service can be ena...Rule Medium Severity -
Enable Auditing for Processes Which Start Prior to the Audit Daemon
To ensure all processes can be audited, even those which start prior to the audit daemon, add the argument <code>audit=1</code> to the default GRUB 2 command line for the Linux operating system. Co...Rule Low Severity -
Configure auditd Rules for Comprehensive Auditing
The <code>auditd</code> program can perform comprehensive monitoring of system activity. This section describes recommended configuration settings for comprehensive auditing, but a full description...Group -
Make the auditd Configuration Immutable
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default), add the following line to a file with suffix <cod...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Mandatory Access Controls
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default), add the following line to a file with suffix <cod...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure auditd Collects Information on Exporting to Media (successful)
At a minimum, the audit system should collect media exportation events for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read aud...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Network Environment
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default), add the following lines to a file with suffix <co...Rule Medium Severity
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