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DRAFT - Australian Cyber Security Centre (ACSC) ISM Official - Secret

Rules and Groups employed by this XCCDF Profile

  • Configure Screen Locking

    When a user must temporarily leave an account logged-in, screen locking should be employed to prevent passersby from abusing the account. User education and training is particularly important for s...
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  • Hardware Tokens for Authentication

    The use of hardware tokens such as smart cards for system login provides stronger, two-factor authentication than using a username and password. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux servers and workstation...
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  • Install the opensc Package For Multifactor Authentication

    The opensc package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ sudo dnf install opensc
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Install the pcsc-lite package

    The pcsc-lite package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ sudo dnf install pcsc-lite
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Enable the pcscd Service

    The pcscd service can be enabled with the following command: 
    $ sudo systemctl enable pcscd.service
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure opensc Smart Card Drivers

    The OpenSC smart card tool can auto-detect smart card drivers; however, setting the smart card drivers in use by your organization helps to prevent users from using unauthorized smart cards. The de...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Force opensc To Use Defined Smart Card Driver

    The OpenSC smart card middleware can auto-detect smart card drivers; however by forcing the smart card driver in use by your organization, opensc will no longer autodetect or use other drivers unle...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Protect Accounts by Restricting Password-Based Login

    Conventionally, Unix shell accounts are accessed by providing a username and password to a login program, which tests these values for correctness using the <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/...
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  • Set Password Expiration Parameters

    The file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> controls several password-related settings. Programs such as <code>passwd</code>, <code>su</code>, and <code>login</code> consult <code>/etc/login.defs</code> ...
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  • Set Password Maximum Age

    To specify password maximum age for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MAX_DAYS <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.con...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Set Password Minimum Age

    To specify password minimum age for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MIN_DAYS <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.con...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Set Password Minimum Length in login.defs

    To specify password length requirements for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MIN_LEN <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproj...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Set Password Warning Age

    To specify how many days prior to password expiration that a warning will be issued to users, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_WARN_AGE <...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Verify Proper Storage and Existence of Password Hashes

    By default, password hashes for local accounts are stored in the second field (colon-separated) in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. This file should be readable only by processes running with root credent...
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  • Prevent Login to Accounts With Empty Password

    If an account is configured for password authentication but does not have an assigned password, it may be possible to log into the account without authentication. Remove any instances of the <code>...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Restrict Root Logins

    Direct root logins should be allowed only for emergency use. In normal situations, the administrator should access the system via a unique unprivileged account, and then use <code>su</code> or <cod...
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  • Verify Only Root Has UID 0

    If any account other than root has a UID of 0, this misconfiguration should be investigated and the accounts other than root should be removed or have their UID changed. <br> If the account is asso...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Ensure that System Accounts Do Not Run a Shell Upon Login

    Some accounts are not associated with a human user of the system, and exist to perform some administrative functions. Should an attacker be able to log into these accounts, they should not be grant...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure Syslog

    The syslog service has been the default Unix logging mechanism for many years. It has a number of downsides, including inconsistent log format, lack of authentication for received messages, and lac...
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  • Ensure rsyslog is Installed

    Rsyslog is installed by default. The rsyslog package can be installed with the following command: 
     $ sudo dnf install rsyslog
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Enable rsyslog Service

    The <code>rsyslog</code> service provides syslog-style logging by default on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10. The <code>rsyslog</code> service can be enabled with the following command: <pre>$ sudo sy...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure Proper Configuration of Log Files

    The file <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> controls where log message are written. These are controlled by lines called <i>rules</i>, which consist of a <i>selector</i> and an <i>action</i>. These rul...
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  • Ensure cron Is Logging To Rsyslog

    Cron logging must be implemented to spot intrusions or trace cron job status. If <code>cron</code> is not logging to <code>rsyslog</code>, it can be implemented by adding the following to the <i>RU...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure Log Files Are Owned By Appropriate Group

    The group-owner of all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be <code>root</code>. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> a...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure Log Files Are Owned By Appropriate User

    The owner of all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be <code>root</code>. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> and t...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure System Log Files Have Correct Permissions

    The file permissions for all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be set to 640, or more restrictive. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/r...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure rsyslogd to Accept Remote Messages If Acting as a Log Server

    By default, <code>rsyslog</code> does not listen over the network for log messages. If needed, modules can be enabled to allow the rsyslog daemon to receive messages from other systems and for the ...
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  • Ensure rsyslog Does Not Accept Remote Messages Unless Acting As Log Server

    The <code>rsyslog</code> daemon should not accept remote messages unless the system acts as a log server. To ensure that it is not listening on the network, ensure any of the following lines are <i...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Rsyslog Logs Sent To Remote Host

    If system logs are to be useful in detecting malicious activities, it is necessary to send logs to a remote server. An intruder who has compromised the root account on a system may delete the log e...
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  • Ensure Logs Sent To Remote Host

    To configure rsyslog to send logs to a remote log server, open <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> and read and understand the last section of the file, which describes the multiple directives necessary...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure TLS for rsyslog remote logging

    Configure <code>rsyslog</code> to use Transport Layer Security (TLS) support for logging to remote server for the Forwarding Output Module in <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> using action. You can us...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure CA certificate for rsyslog remote logging

    Configure CA certificate for <code>rsyslog</code> logging to remote server using Transport Layer Security (TLS) using correct path for the <code>DefaultNetstreamDriverCAFile</code> global option in...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Network Configuration and Firewalls

    Most systems must be connected to a network of some sort, and this brings with it the substantial risk of network attack. This section discusses the security impact of decisions about networking wh...
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  • Prevent non-Privileged Users from Modifying Network Interfaces using nmcli

    By default, non-privileged users are given permissions to modify networking interfaces and configurations using the <code>nmcli</code> command. Non-privileged users should not be making configurati...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure System is Not Acting as a Network Sniffer

    The system should not be acting as a network sniffer, which can capture all traffic on the network to which it is connected. Run the following to determine if any interface is running in promiscuou...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • firewalld

    The dynamic firewall daemon <code>firewalld</code> provides a dynamically managed firewall with support for network “zones” to assign a level of trust to a network and its associated connections an...
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  • Inspect and Activate Default firewalld Rules

    Firewalls can be used to separate networks into different zones based on the level of trust the user has decided to place on the devices and traffic within that network. <code>NetworkManager</code>...
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  • Install firewalld Package

    The firewalld package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ sudo dnf install firewalld
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Verify firewalld Enabled

    The firewalld service can be enabled with the following command: 
    $ sudo systemctl enable firewalld.service
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Strengthen the Default Ruleset

    The default rules can be strengthened. The system scripts that activate the firewall rules expect them to be defined in configuration files under the <code>/etc/firewalld/services</code> and <code>...
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  • Configure the Firewalld Ports

    Configure the <code>firewalld</code> ports to allow approved services to have access to the system. To configure <code>firewalld</code> to open ports, run the following command: <pre>firewall-cmd -...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Set Default firewalld Zone for Incoming Packets

    To set the default zone to <code>drop</code> for the built-in default zone which processes incoming IPv4 and IPv6 packets, modify the following line in <code>/etc/firewalld/firewalld.conf</code> to...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • IPv6

    The system includes support for Internet Protocol version 6. A major and often-mentioned improvement over IPv4 is its enormous increase in the number of available addresses. Another important featu...
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  • Configure IPv6 Settings if Necessary

    A major feature of IPv6 is the extent to which systems implementing it can automatically configure their networking devices using information from the network. From a security perspective, manually...
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  • Manually Assign Global IPv6 Address

    To manually assign an IP address for an interface, edit the file <code>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-<i>interface</i> </code>. Add or correct the following line (substituti...
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Wireless Networking

    Wireless networking, such as 802.11 (WiFi) and Bluetooth, can present a security risk to sensitive or classified systems and networks. Wireless networking hardware is much more likely to be include...
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  • Disable Wireless Through Software Configuration

    If it is impossible to remove the wireless hardware from the device in question, disable as much of it as possible through software. The following methods can disable software support for wireless ...
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  • Deactivate Wireless Network Interfaces

    Deactivating wireless network interfaces should prevent normal usage of the wireless capability. <br> <br> Configure the system to disable all wireless network interfaces with th...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • File Permissions and Masks

    Traditional Unix security relies heavily on file and directory permissions to prevent unauthorized users from reading or modifying files to which they should not have access. <br> <br> ...
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  • Verify Permissions on Important Files and Directories

    Permissions for many files on a system must be set restrictively to ensure sensitive information is properly protected. This section discusses important permission restrictions which can be verifie...
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