Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Rules and Groups employed by this XCCDF Profile
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Disable the selinuxuser_execstack SELinux Boolean
By default, the SELinux boolean <code>selinuxuser_execstack</code> is enabled. This setting should be disabled as unconfined executables should not be able to make their stack executable. To disab...Rule Medium Severity -
Services
The best protection against vulnerable software is running less software. This section describes how to review the software which Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 installs on a system and disable softwar...Group -
Base Services
This section addresses the base services that are installed on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 default installation which are not covered in other sections. Some of these services listen on the networ...Group -
Disable KDump Kernel Crash Analyzer (kdump)
The <code>kdump</code> service provides a kernel crash dump analyzer. It uses the <code>kexec</code> system call to boot a secondary kernel ("capture" kernel) following a system crash, which can lo...Rule Medium Severity -
Cron and At Daemons
The cron and at services are used to allow commands to be executed at a later time. The cron service is required by almost all systems to perform necessary maintenance tasks, while at may or may no...Group -
Enable cron Service
The <code>crond</code> service is used to execute commands at preconfigured times. It is required by almost all systems to perform necessary maintenance tasks, such as notifying root of system acti...Rule Medium Severity -
NFS and RPC
The Network File System is a popular distributed filesystem for the Unix environment, and is very widely deployed. This section discusses the circumstances under which it is possible to disable NF...Group -
Configure NFS Servers
The steps in this section are appropriate for systems which operate as NFS servers.Group -
Use Kerberos Security on All Exports
Using Kerberos on all exported mounts prevents a malicious client or user from impersonating a system user. To cryptography authenticate users to the NFS server, add <code>sec=krb5:krb5i:krb5p</cod...Rule Medium Severity -
Obsolete Services
This section discusses a number of network-visible services which have historically caused problems for system security, and for which disabling or severely limiting the service has been the best a...Group -
Rlogin, Rsh, and Rexec
The Berkeley r-commands are legacy services which allow cleartext remote access and have an insecure trust model.Group -
Remove Rsh Trust Files
The files <code>/etc/hosts.equiv</code> and <code>~/.rhosts</code> (in each user's home directory) list remote hosts and users that are trusted by the local system when using the rshd daemon. To re...Rule High Severity -
Chat/Messaging Services
The talk software makes it possible for users to send and receive messages across systems through a terminal session.Group -
Uninstall talk-server Package
Thetalk-serverpackage can be removed with the following command:$ sudo dnf erase talk-server
Rule Medium Severity -
Uninstall talk Package
The <code>talk</code> package contains the client program for the Internet talk protocol, which allows the user to chat with other users on different systems. Talk is a communication program which ...Rule Medium Severity -
Telnet
The telnet protocol does not provide confidentiality or integrity for information transmitted on the network. This includes authentication information such as passwords. Organizations which use tel...Group -
Uninstall telnet-server Package
Thetelnet-serverpackage can be removed with the following command:$ sudo dnf erase telnet-server
Rule High Severity -
Remove telnet Clients
The telnet client allows users to start connections to other systems via the telnet protocol.Rule Low Severity -
Disable telnet Service
Make sure that the activation of the <code>telnet</code> service on system boot is disabled. The <code>telnet</code> socket can be disabled with the following command: <pre>$ sudo systemctl mask -...Rule High Severity -
SSH Server
The SSH protocol is recommended for remote login and remote file transfer. SSH provides confidentiality and integrity for data exchanged between two systems, as well as server authentication, throu...Group -
Configure OpenSSH Server if Necessary
If the system needs to act as an SSH server, then certain changes should be made to the OpenSSH daemon configuration file <code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code>. The following recommendations can be app...Group -
Disable Host-Based Authentication
SSH's cryptographic host-based authentication is more secure than <code>.rhosts</code> authentication. However, it is not recommended that hosts unilaterally trust one another, even within an organ...Rule Medium Severity -
Allow Only SSH Protocol 2
Only SSH protocol version 2 connections should be permitted. The default setting in <code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code> is correct, and can be verified by ensuring that the following line appears: <p...Rule High Severity -
Disable Compression Or Set Compression to delayed
Compression is useful for slow network connections over long distances but can cause performance issues on local LANs. If use of compression is required, it should be enabled only after a user has ...Rule Medium Severity -
Disable SSH Access via Empty Passwords
Disallow SSH login with empty passwords. The default SSH configuration disables logins with empty passwords. The appropriate configuration is used if no value is set for <code>PermitEmptyPasswords<...Rule High Severity -
Disable GSSAPI Authentication
Unless needed, SSH should not permit extraneous or unnecessary authentication mechanisms like GSSAPI. <br> The default SSH configuration disallows authentications based on GSSAPI. The appropriate c...Rule Medium Severity -
Disable Kerberos Authentication
Unless needed, SSH should not permit extraneous or unnecessary authentication mechanisms like Kerberos. <br> The default SSH configuration disallows authentication validation through Kerberos. The ...Rule Medium Severity -
Disable SSH Root Login
The root user should never be allowed to login to a system directly over a network. To disable root login via SSH, add or correct the following line in <code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/00-compliancea...Rule Medium Severity -
Do Not Allow SSH Environment Options
Ensure that users are not able to override environment variables of the SSH daemon. <br> The default SSH configuration disables environment processing. The appropriate configuration is used if no v...Rule Medium Severity -
Enable Use of Strict Mode Checking
SSHs <code>StrictModes</code> option checks file and ownership permissions in the user's home directory <code>.ssh</code> folder before accepting login. If world- writable permissions are found, lo...Rule Medium Severity -
Enable SSH Warning Banner
To enable the warning banner and ensure it is consistent across the system, add or correct the following line in <code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/00-complianceascode-hardening.conf</code>: <pre>Bann...Rule Medium Severity -
Distribute the SSH Server configuration to multiple files in a config directory.
Make sure to have the <code>Include /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf</code> line in the <code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code> file. Ideally, don't have any active configuration directives in that file, an...Rule Medium Severity
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