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CIS SUSE Linux Enterprise 12 Benchmark for Level 1 - Server

Rules and Groups employed by this XCCDF Profile

  • Ensure users' .netrc Files are not group or world accessible

    While the system administrator can establish secure permissions for users' .netrc files, the users can easily override these. This rule ensures every .netrc file or directory under the home direct...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • All Interactive User Home Directories Must Have mode 0750 Or Less Permissive

    Change the mode of interactive users home directories to <code>0750</code>. To change the mode of interactive users home directory, use the following command: <pre>$ sudo chmod 0750 /home/<i>USER</...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure that No Dangerous Directories Exist in Root's Path

    The active path of the root account can be obtained by starting a new root shell and running: <pre># echo $PATH</pre> This will produce a colon-separated list of directories in the path. <br> ...
    Group
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  • Ensure that Root's Path Does Not Include World or Group-Writable Directories

    For each element in root's path, run: 
    # ls -ld DIR
    and ensure that write permissions are disabled for group and other.
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure that Root's Path Does Not Include Relative Paths or Null Directories

    Ensure that none of the directories in root's path is equal to a single <code>.</code> character, or that it contains any instances that lead to relative path traversal, such as <code>..</code> or ...
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Ensure that Users Have Sensible Umask Values

    The umask setting controls the default permissions for the creation of new files. With a default <code>umask</code> setting of 077, files and directories created by users will not be readable by an...
    Group
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  • Ensure the Default Bash Umask is Set Correctly

    To ensure the default umask for users of the Bash shell is set properly, add or correct the <code>umask</code> setting in <code>/etc/bash.bashrc</code> to read as follows: <pre>umask <xccdf-1.2:sub...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure the Default Umask is Set Correctly in login.defs

    To ensure the default umask controlled by <code>/etc/login.defs</code> is set properly, add or correct the <code>UMASK</code> setting in <code>/etc/login.defs</code> to read as follows: <pre>UMASK ...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure the Default Umask is Set Correctly in /etc/profile

    To ensure the default umask controlled by <code>/etc/profile</code> is set properly, add or correct the <code>umask</code> setting in <code>/etc/profile</code> to read as follows: <pre>umask <xccdf...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • AppArmor

    Many security vulnerabilities result from bugs in trusted programs. A trusted program runs with privileges that attackers want to possess. The program fails to keep that trust if there is a bug in ...
    Group
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  • Install the pam_apparmor Package

    The pam_apparmor package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ sudo zypper install pam_apparmor
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • All AppArmor Profiles are in enforce or complain mode

    AppArmor profiles define what resources applications are able to access. To set all profiles to either <code>enforce</code> or <code>complain</code> mode run the following command to set all profi...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure AppArmor is Active and Configured

    Verify that the Apparmor tool is configured to control whitelisted applications and user home directory access control.<br> <br> The <code>apparmor</code> service can be enabled with the fo...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • GRUB2 bootloader configuration

    During the boot process, the boot loader is responsible for starting the execution of the kernel and passing options to it. The boot loader allows for the selection of different kernels - possibly ...
    Group
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  • Non-UEFI GRUB2 bootloader configuration

    Non-UEFI GRUB2 bootloader configuration
    Group
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  • Verify /boot/grub2/grub.cfg Group Ownership

    The file <code>/boot/grub2/grub.cfg</code> should be group-owned by the <code>root</code> group to prevent destruction or modification of the file. To properly set the group owner of <code>/boot/g...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify /boot/grub2/grub.cfg User Ownership

    The file <code>/boot/grub2/grub.cfg</code> should be owned by the <code>root</code> user to prevent destruction or modification of the file. To properly set the owner of <code>/boot/grub2/grub.cfg...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify /boot/grub2/grub.cfg Permissions

    File permissions for <code>/boot/grub2/grub.cfg</code> should be set to 600. To properly set the permissions of <code>/boot/grub2/grub.cfg</code>, run the command: <pre>$ sudo chmod 600 /boot/grub...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Set Boot Loader Password in grub2

    The grub2 boot loader should have a superuser account and password protection enabled to protect boot-time settings. <br> <br> Since plaintext passwords are a security risk, generate a hash...
    Rule High Severity
    Show

  • UEFI GRUB2 bootloader configuration

    UEFI GRUB2 bootloader configuration
    Group
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  • Set the UEFI Boot Loader Password

    The grub2 boot loader should have a superuser account and password protection enabled to protect boot-time settings. <br> <br> Since plaintext passwords are a security risk, generate a hash...
    Rule High Severity
    Show

  • Configure Syslog

    The syslog service has been the default Unix logging mechanism for many years. It has a number of downsides, including inconsistent log format, lack of authentication for received messages, and lac...
    Group
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  • Ensure rsyslog is Installed

    Rsyslog is installed by default. The rsyslog package can be installed with the following command: 
     $ sudo zypper install rsyslog
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable rsyslog Service

    The <code>rsyslog</code> service provides syslog-style logging by default on SUSE Linux Enterprise 12. The <code>rsyslog</code> service can be enabled with the following command: <pre>$ sudo syste...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure Proper Configuration of Log Files

    The file <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> controls where log message are written. These are controlled by lines called <i>rules</i>, which consist of a <i>selector</i> and an <i>action</i>. These rul...
    Group
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  • Ensure Log Files Are Owned By Appropriate Group

    The group-owner of all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be <code>root</code>. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> a...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure Log Files Are Owned By Appropriate User

    The owner of all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be <code>root</code>. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> and t...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure System Log Files Have Correct Permissions

    The file permissions for all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be set to 640, or more restrictive. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/r...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure logging is configured

    The /etc/rsyslog.conf and /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf files specifies rules for logging and which files are to be used to log certain classes of messages.
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • systemd-journald

    systemd-journald is a system service that collects and stores logging data. It creates and maintains structured, indexed journals based on logging information that is received from a variety of sou...
    Group
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  • Ensure journald is configured to compress large log files

    The journald system can compress large log files to avoid fill the system disk.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure journald is configured to send logs to rsyslog

    Data from journald may be stored in volatile memory or persisted locally. Utilities exist to accept remote export of journald logs.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure journald is configured to write log files to persistent disk

    The journald system may store log files in volatile memory or locally on disk. If the logs are only stored in volatile memory they will we lost upon reboot.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure All Logs are Rotated by logrotate

    Edit the file <code>/etc/logrotate.d/syslog</code>. Find the first line, which should look like this (wrapped for clarity): <pre>/var/log/messages /var/log/secure /var/log/maillog /var/log/spoole...
    Group
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  • Ensure logrotate is Installed

    logrotate is installed by default. The logrotate package can be installed with the following command: 
     $ sudo zypper install logrotate
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure Logrotate Runs Periodically

    The <code>logrotate</code> utility allows for the automatic rotation of log files. The frequency of rotation is specified in <code>/etc/logrotate.conf</code>, which triggers a cron task or a timer...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable logrotate Timer

    The logrotate timer can be enabled with the following command: 
    $ sudo systemctl enable logrotate.timer
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Rsyslog Logs Sent To Remote Host

    If system logs are to be useful in detecting malicious activities, it is necessary to send logs to a remote server. An intruder who has compromised the root account on a system may delete the log e...
    Group
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  • Ensure Logs Sent To Remote Host

    To configure rsyslog to send logs to a remote log server, open <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> and read and understand the last section of the file, which describes the multiple directives necessary...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Network Configuration and Firewalls

    Most systems must be connected to a network of some sort, and this brings with it the substantial risk of network attack. This section discusses the security impact of decisions about networking wh...
    Group
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  • iptables and ip6tables

    A host-based firewall called <code>netfilter</code> is included as part of the Linux kernel distributed with the system. It is activated by default. This firewall is controlled by the program <code...
    Group
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  • Install iptables Package

    The iptables package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ sudo zypper install iptables
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Inspect and Activate Default Rules

    View the currently-enforced <code>iptables</code> rules by running the command: <pre>$ sudo iptables -nL --line-numbers</pre> The command is analogous for <code>ip6tables</code>. <br> <br> ...
    Group
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  • Verify iptables Enabled

    The iptables service can be enabled with the following command: 
    $ sudo systemctl enable iptables.service
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Set configuration for IPv6 loopback traffic

    Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces to deny traffic to the loopback network.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Set configuration for loopback traffic

    Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces to deny traffic to the loopback network.
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Strengthen the Default Ruleset

    The default rules can be strengthened. The system scripts that activate the firewall rules expect them to be defined in the configuration files <code>iptables</code> and <code>ip6tables</code> in t...
    Group
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  • Set Default iptables Policy for Incoming Packets

    To set the default policy to DROP (instead of ACCEPT) for the built-in INPUT chain which processes incoming packets, add or correct the following line in <code>/etc/sysconfig/iptables</code>: <pre>...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure Outbound and Established Connections are Configured

    Configure the firewall rules for new outbound and established connections.
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • IPv6

    The system includes support for Internet Protocol version 6. A major and often-mentioned improvement over IPv4 is its enormous increase in the number of available addresses. Another important featu...
    Group
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