PCI-DSS v3.2.1 Control Baseline for Oracle Linux 9
Rules and Groups employed by this XCCDF Profile
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Set PAM''s Password Hashing Algorithm - password-auth
The PAM system service can be configured to only store encrypted representations of passwords. In <code>/etc/pam.d/password-auth</code>, the <code>...Rule Medium Severity -
Set PAM''s Password Hashing Algorithm
The PAM system service can be configured to only store encrypted representations of passwords. In "/etc/pam.d/system-auth", the <code>password</cod...Rule Medium Severity -
Protect Physical Console Access
It is impossible to fully protect a system from an attacker with physical access, so securing the space in which the system is located should be co...Group -
Configure Screen Locking
When a user must temporarily leave an account logged-in, screen locking should be employed to prevent passersby from abusing the account. User educ...Group -
Hardware Tokens for Authentication
The use of hardware tokens such as smart cards for system login provides stronger, two-factor authentication than using a username and password. I...Group -
Install the opensc Package For Multifactor Authentication
Theopenscpackage can be installed with the following command:$ sudo yum install opensc
Rule Medium Severity -
Install the pcsc-lite package
Thepcsc-litepackage can be installed with the following command:$ sudo yum install pcsc-lite
Rule Medium Severity -
Enable the pcscd Service
Thepcscdservice can be enabled with the following command:$ sudo systemctl enable pcscd.service
Rule Medium Severity -
Configure opensc Smart Card Drivers
The OpenSC smart card tool can auto-detect smart card drivers; however, setting the smart card drivers in use by your organization helps to prevent...Rule Medium Severity -
Force opensc To Use Defined Smart Card Driver
The OpenSC smart card middleware can auto-detect smart card drivers; however by forcing the smart card driver in use by your organization, opensc w...Rule Medium Severity -
Protect Accounts by Restricting Password-Based Login
Conventionally, Unix shell accounts are accessed by providing a username and password to a login program, which tests these values for correctness ...Group -
Set Account Expiration Parameters
Accounts can be configured to be automatically disabled after a certain time period, meaning that they will require administrator interaction to be...Group -
Set Account Expiration Following Inactivity
To specify the number of days after a password expires (which signifies inactivity) until an account is permanently disabled, add or correct the fo...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure All Accounts on the System Have Unique Names
Ensure accounts on the system have unique names. To ensure all accounts have unique names, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo getent passwd | ...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Expiration Parameters
The file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> controls several password-related settings. Programs such as <code>passwd</code>, <code>su</code>, and <code>...Group -
Set Password Maximum Age
To specify password maximum age for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MAX_D...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Proper Storage and Existence of Password Hashes
By default, password hashes for local accounts are stored in the second field (colon-separated) in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. This file should be re...Group -
Verify All Account Password Hashes are Shadowed
If any password hashes are stored in <code>/etc/passwd</code> (in the second field, instead of an <code>x</code> or <code>*</code>), the cause of t...Rule Medium Severity -
All GIDs referenced in /etc/passwd must be defined in /etc/group
Add a group to the system for each GID referenced without a corresponding group.Rule Low Severity -
Prevent Login to Accounts With Empty Password
If an account is configured for password authentication but does not have an assigned password, it may be possible to log into the account without ...Rule High Severity -
System Accounting with auditd
The audit service provides substantial capabilities for recording system activities. By default, the service audits about SELinux AVC denials and c...Group -
Install audispd-plugins Package
Theaudispd-pluginspackage can be installed with the following command:$ sudo yum install audispd-plugins
Rule Medium Severity -
Enable auditd Service
The <code>auditd</code> service is an essential userspace component of the Linux Auditing System, as it is responsible for writing audit records to...Rule Medium Severity -
Enable Auditing for Processes Which Start Prior to the Audit Daemon
To ensure all processes can be audited, even those which start prior to the audit daemon, add the argument <code>audit=1</code> to the default GRUB...Rule Low Severity -
Configure auditd Rules for Comprehensive Auditing
The <code>auditd</code> program can perform comprehensive monitoring of system activity. This section describes recommended configuration settings ...Group -
Make the auditd Configuration Immutable
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default),...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Mandatory Access Controls
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default),...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure auditd Collects Information on Exporting to Media (successful)
At a minimum, the audit system should collect media exportation events for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to u...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Network Environment
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default),...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Attempts to Alter Process and Session Initiation Information
The audit system already collects process information for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>auge...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure auditd Collects System Administrator Actions
At a minimum, the audit system should collect administrator actions for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use ...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify User/Group Information - /etc/group
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default),...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify User/Group Information - /etc/gshadow
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default),...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify User/Group Information - /etc/security/opasswd
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default),...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify User/Group Information - /etc/passwd
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default),...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify User/Group Information - /etc/shadow
If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to use the <code>augenrules</code> program to read audit rules during daemon startup (the default),...Rule Medium Severity -
System Audit Logs Must Be Owned By Root
All audit logs must be owned by root user and group. By default, the path for audit log is <pre>/var/log/audit/</pre>. To properly set the owner o...Rule Medium Severity -
System Audit Logs Must Have Mode 0640 or Less Permissive
Determine where the audit logs are stored with the following command: <pre>$ sudo grep -iw log_file /etc/audit/auditd.conf log_file = /var/log/aud...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. Note that the "-F arch=b32" lines should be present e...Group -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - chmod
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to us...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - chown
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to us...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fchmod
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to us...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fchmodat
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to us...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fchown
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to us...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fchownat
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to us...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fremovexattr
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. <br><br> If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configu...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fsetxattr
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to us...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - lchown
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to us...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - lremovexattr
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. <br><br> If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configu...Rule Medium Severity -
Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - lsetxattr
At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission changes for all users and root. If the <code>auditd</code> daemon is configured to us...Rule Medium Severity
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