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Guide to the Secure Configuration of Debian 10

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • Configure Syslog

    The syslog service has been the default Unix logging mechanism for many years. It has a number of downsides, including inconsistent log format, lack of authentication for received messages, and lac...
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  • Ensure rsyslog is Installed

    Rsyslog is installed by default. The rsyslog package can be installed with the following command: 
     $ apt-get install rsyslog
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Enable rsyslog Service

    The <code>rsyslog</code> service provides syslog-style logging by default on Debian 10. The <code>rsyslog</code> service can be enabled with the following command: <pre>$ sudo systemctl enable rsy...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure Logwatch on the Central Log Server

    Is this system the central log server? If so, edit the file /etc/logwatch/conf/logwatch.conf as shown below.
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  • Ensure Proper Configuration of Log Files

    The file <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> controls where log message are written. These are controlled by lines called <i>rules</i>, which consist of a <i>selector</i> and an <i>action</i>. These rul...
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  • User who owns log files

    Specify user owner of all logfiles specified in /etc/rsyslog.conf.
    Value
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  • Ensure Rsyslog Authenticates Off-Loaded Audit Records

    Rsyslogd is a system utility providing support for message logging. Support for both internet and UNIX domain sockets enables this utility to support both local and remote logging. Couple this uti...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure Rsyslog Encrypts Off-Loaded Audit Records

    Rsyslogd is a system utility providing support for message logging. Support for both internet and UNIX domain sockets enables this utility to support both local and remote logging. Couple this uti...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Configure rsyslogd to Accept Remote Messages If Acting as a Log Server

    By default, <code>rsyslog</code> does not listen over the network for log messages. If needed, modules can be enabled to allow the rsyslog daemon to receive messages from other systems and for the ...
    Group
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  • net.ipv6.conf.all.router_solicitations

    Accept all router solicitations?
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  • Ensure Rsyslog Encrypts Off-Loaded Audit Records

    Rsyslogd is a system utility providing support for message logging. Support for both internet and UNIX domain sockets enables this utility to support both local and remote logging. Couple this uti...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure Log Files Are Owned By Appropriate User

    The owner of all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be <code>adm</code>. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> and ty...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure System Log Files Have Correct Permissions

    The file permissions for all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be set to 640, or more restrictive. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/r...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • systemd-journald

    systemd-journald is a system service that collects and stores logging data. It creates and maintains structured, indexed journals based on logging information that is received from a variety of sou...
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  • Enable systemd-journald Service

    The <code>systemd-journald</code> service is an essential component of systemd. The <code>systemd-journald</code> service can be enabled with the following command: <pre>$ sudo systemctl enable sy...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure All Logs are Rotated by logrotate

    Edit the file <code>/etc/logrotate.d/syslog</code>. Find the first line, which should look like this (wrapped for clarity): <pre>/var/log/messages /var/log/secure /var/log/maillog /var/log/spoole...
    Group
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  • Ensure logrotate is Installed

    logrotate is installed by default. The logrotate package can be installed with the following command: 
     $ apt-get install logrotate
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure Logrotate Runs Periodically

    The <code>logrotate</code> utility allows for the automatic rotation of log files. The frequency of rotation is specified in <code>/etc/logrotate.conf</code>, which triggers a cron task or a timer...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects

    Enable to prevent hijacking of routing path by only allowing redirects from gateways known in routing table. Disable to refuse acceptance of secure ICMP redirected packages by default.
    Value
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  • Enable rsyslog to Accept Messages via TCP, if Acting As Log Server

    The <code>rsyslog</code> daemon should not accept remote messages unless the system acts as a log server. If the system needs to act as a central log server, add the following lines to <code>/etc/r...
    Rule Unknown Severity
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