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Guide to the Secure Configuration of Debian 12

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • Configure Kernel Parameter for Accepting Secure Redirects By Default

    To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysct...
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Verify User Who Owns shadow File

    To properly set the owner of /etc/shadow, run the command:
    $ sudo chown root /etc/shadow 
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Verify Who Owns /etc/shells File

    To properly set the owner of /etc/shells, run the command:
    $ sudo chown root /etc/shells 
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Configure Sending and Accepting Shared Media Redirects by Default

    To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.conf.default.shared_media</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w...
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Enable Kernel Parameter to Ignore Bogus ICMP Error Responses on IPv4 Interfaces

    To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo s...
    Rule Unknown Severity
  • Set Kernel Parameter to Increase Local Port Range

    To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w net.i...
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Enable Kernel Parameter to Use TCP RFC 1337 on IPv4 Interfaces

    To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.tcp_rfc1337</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_...
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Enable Kernel Parameter to Use TCP Syncookies on Network Interfaces

    To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.t...
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Disable Kernel Parameter for Sending ICMP Redirects on all IPv4 Interfaces

    To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w n...
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Disable Kernel Parameter for Sending ICMP Redirects on all IPv4 Interfaces by Default

    To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl ...
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Disable Kernel Parameter for IP Forwarding on IPv4 Interfaces

    To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.ip_forward</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_fo...
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Verify Permissions on Backup group File

    To properly set the permissions of /etc/group-, run the command:
    $ sudo chmod 0644 /etc/group-
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Verify Permissions on Backup gshadow File

    To properly set the permissions of /etc/gshadow-, run the command:
    $ sudo chmod 0640 /etc/gshadow-
    Rule Medium Severity
  • nftables

    <code>If firewalld or iptables are being used in your environment, please follow the guidance in their respective section and pass-over the guidanc...
    Group
  • Verify Group Who Owns /etc/nftables Directory

    To properly set the group owner of /etc/nftables, run the command:
    $ sudo chgrp root /etc/nftables
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Verify User Who Owns /etc/nftables Directory

    To properly set the owner of /etc/nftables, run the command:
    $ sudo chown root /etc/nftables 
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Verify Permissions On /etc/nftables Directory

    To properly set the permissions of /etc/nftables, run the command:
    $ sudo chmod 0700 /etc/nftables
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Verify ufw Enabled

    The ufw service can be enabled with the following command:
    $ sudo systemctl enable ufw.service
    Rule Medium Severity
  • Disable RDS Support

    The Reliable Datagram Sockets (RDS) protocol is a transport layer protocol designed to provide reliable high-bandwidth, low-latency communications ...
    Rule Low Severity
  • File Permissions and Masks

    Traditional Unix security relies heavily on file and directory permissions to prevent unauthorized users from reading or modifying files to which t...
    Group

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