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Guide to the Secure Configuration of Debian 12

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • All User Files and Directories In The Home Directory Must Have a Valid Owner

    Either remove all files and directories from the system that do not have a valid user, or assign a valid user to all unowned files and directories....
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • All User Files and Directories In The Home Directory Must Have Mode 0750 Or Less Permissive

    Set the mode on files and directories in the local interactive user home directory with the following command: <pre>$ sudo chmod 0750 /home/<i>USER...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure that User Home Directories are not Group-Writable or World-Readable

    For each human user of the system, view the permissions of the user's home directory: <pre># ls -ld /home/<i>USER</i> </pre> Ensure that th...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure that No Dangerous Directories Exist in Root's Path

    The active path of the root account can be obtained by starting a new root shell and running: <pre># echo $PATH</pre> This will produce a colon-sep...
    Group
    Show

  • Ensure that Root's Path Does Not Include World or Group-Writable Directories

    For each element in root's path, run: 
    # ls -ld DIR
    and ensure that write permissions are disabled for group and other.
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure that Users Have Sensible Umask Values

    The umask setting controls the default permissions for the creation of new files. With a default <code>umask</code> setting of 077, files and direc...
    Group
    Show

  • Ensure the Default Bash Umask is Set Correctly

    To ensure the default umask for users of the Bash shell is set properly, add or correct the <code>umask</code> setting in <code>/etc/bashrc</code> ...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure the Default Umask is Set Correctly in login.defs

    To ensure the default umask controlled by <code>/etc/login.defs</code> is set properly, add or correct the <code>UMASK</code> setting in <code>/etc...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure the Default Umask is Set Correctly in /etc/profile

    To ensure the default umask controlled by <code>/etc/profile</code> is set properly, add or correct the <code>umask</code> setting in <code>/etc/pr...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • AppArmor

    Many security vulnerabilities result from bugs in trusted programs. A trusted program runs with privileges that attackers want to possess. The prog...
    Group
    Show

  • Install the pam_apparmor Package

    The pam_apparmor package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ apt-get install pam_apparmor
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure AppArmor is Active and Configured

    Verify that the Apparmor tool is configured to control whitelisted applications and user home directory access control.<br> <br> The <code>...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Configure Microarchitectural Data Sampling mitigation

    Microarchitectural Data Sampling (MDS) is a hardware vulnerability which allows unprivileged speculative access to data which is available in vario...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure SMAP is not disabled during boot

    The SMAP is used to prevent the supervisor mode from unintentionally reading/writing into memory pages in the user space, it is enabled by default ...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Ensure SMEP is not disabled during boot

    The SMEP is used to prevent the supervisor mode from executing user space code, it is enabled by default since Linux kernel 3.0. But it could be di...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable randomization of the page allocator

    To enable randomization of the page allocator in the kernel, add the <code>page_alloc.shuffle=1</code> argument to the default GRUB 2 command line....
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable Kernel Page-Table Isolation (KPTI)

    To enable Kernel page-table isolation, add the argument <code>pti=on</code> to the default GRUB 2 command line for the Linux operating system. Conf...
    Rule Low Severity
    Show

  • Configure the confidence in TPM for entropy

    The TPM security chip that is available in most modern systems has a hardware RNG. It is also used to feed the entropy pool, but generally not cred...
    Rule Low Severity
    Show

  • Verify /boot/grub/grub.cfg Group Ownership

    The file <code>/boot/grub/grub.cfg</code> should be group-owned by the <code>root</code> group to prevent destruction or modification of the file. ...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify /boot/grub/user.cfg Group Ownership

    The file <code>/boot/grub/user.cfg</code> should be group-owned by the <code>root</code> group to prevent reading or modification of the file. To ...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

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siemur/test-space

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