EDB Postgres Advanced Server v11 on Windows Security Technical Implementation Guide
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must limit the number of concurrent sessions to an organization-defined number per user for all accounts and/or account types.
Database management includes the ability to control the number of users and user sessions utilizing a DBMS. Unlimited concurrent connections to the DBMS could allow a successful Denial of Service (...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must enforce approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies.
Authentication with a DoD-approved PKI certificate does not necessarily imply authorization to access the DBMS. To mitigate the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information by entities that...Rule High Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must be configured to provide audit record generation capability for DoD-defined auditable events within all EDB Postgres Advanced Server/database components.
Without the capability to generate audit records, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit rec...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must generate audit records for DoD-defined auditable events.
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must generate audit records for DoD-defined auditable events within all DBMS/database components. Audit records should contain (at a minimum): -Time stamps to es...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must be configurable to overwrite audit log records, oldest first (First-In-First-Out - FIFO), in the event of unavailability of space for more audit log records.
It is critical that when the DBMS is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required, action be taken to mitigate the failure. Audit processing failures include: software/hardware errors; fail...Rule High Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must protect its audit features from unauthorized access.
Protecting audit data also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Depending upon the log format and application, system and application log tools may p...Rule Medium Severity -
EDB Postgres Advanced Server software modules, to include stored procedures, functions, and triggers must be monitored to discover unauthorized changes.
If the system were to allow any user to make changes to software modules implemented within the database, then those changes might be implemented without undergoing the appropriate testing and appr...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server software installation account must be restricted to authorized users.
When dealing with change control issues, it should be noted any changes to the hardware, software, and/or firmware components of the information system and/or application can have significant effec...Rule High Severity -
Database objects (including but not limited to tables, indexes, storage, stored procedures, functions, triggers, links to software external to the EDB Postgres Advanced Server, etc.) must be owned by database/EDB Postgres Advanced Server principals authorized for ownership.
Within the database, object ownership implies full privileges to the owned object, including the privilege to assign access to the owned objects to other subjects. Database functions and procedures...Rule Medium Severity -
The role(s)/group(s) used to modify database structure (including but not necessarily limited to tables, indexes, storage, etc.) and logic modules (stored procedures, functions, triggers, links to software external to the EDB Postgres Advanced Server, etc.) must be restricted to authorized users.
If the DBMS were to allow any user to make changes to database structure or logic, then those changes might be implemented without undergoing the appropriate testing and approvals that are part of ...Rule Medium Severity -
Unused database components which are integrated in the EDB Postgres Advanced Server and cannot be uninstalled must be disabled.
Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, provided by default, may not be necessary to support essential organizatio...Rule Medium Severity -
Access to external executables must be disabled or restricted.
Information systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, provided by default, may not be necessary to support essential organizatio...Rule Medium Severity -
If passwords are used for authentication, the EDB Postgres Advanced Server must store only hashed, salted representations of passwords.
The DoD standard for authentication is DoD-approved PKI certificates. Authentication based on User ID and Password may be used only when it is not possible to employ a PKI certificate, and require...Rule High Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server, when utilizing PKI-based authentication, must validate certificates by performing RFC 5280-compliant certification path validation.
The DoD standard for authentication is DoD-approved PKI certificates. A certificate’s certification path is the path from the end entity certificate to a trusted root certification authority (CA)....Rule Medium Severity -
Applications must obscure feedback of authentication information during the authentication process to protect the information from possible exploitation/use by unauthorized individuals.
The DoD standard for authentication is DoD-approved PKI certificates. Normally, with PKI authentication, the interaction with the user for authentication will be handled by a software component se...Rule High Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must separate user functionality (including user interface services) from database management functionality.
Information system management functionality includes functions necessary to administer databases, network components, workstations, or servers and typically requires privileged user access. The s...Rule Medium Severity -
Database contents must be protected from unauthorized and unintended information transfer by enforcement of a data-transfer policy.
Applications, including DBMSs, must prevent unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources. Data used for the development and testing of applications often involves c...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must check the validity of all data inputs except those specifically identified by the organization.
Invalid user input occurs when a user inserts data or characters into an application's data entry fields and the application is unprepared to process that data. This results in unanticipated applic...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must provide non-privileged users with error messages that provide information necessary for corrective actions without revealing information that could be exploited by adversaries.
Any DBMS or associated application providing too much information in error messages on the screen or printout risks compromising the data and security of the system. The structure and content of er...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must reveal detailed error messages only to the ISSO, ISSM, SA, and DBA.
If EDB Postgres Advanced Server provides too much information in error logs and administrative messages to the screen, this could lead to compromise. The structure and content of error messages nee...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must associate organization-defined types of security labels having organization-defined security label values with information in process.
Without the association of security labels to information, there is no basis for EDB Postgres Advanced Server to make security-related access-control decisions. Security labels are abstractions re...Rule Medium Severity -
Execution of software modules (to include stored procedures, functions, and triggers) with elevated privileges must be restricted to necessary cases only.
In certain situations, to provide required functionality, a DBMS must execute internal logic (stored procedures, functions, triggers, etc.) and/or external code modules with elevated privileges. Ho...Rule Medium Severity -
Execution of software modules (to include stored procedures, functions, and triggers) with elevated privileges must be restricted to necessary cases only.
In certain situations, to provide required functionality, a DBMS must execute internal logic (stored procedures, functions, triggers, etc.) and/or external code modules with elevated privileges. Ho...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must provide a warning to appropriate support staff when allocated audit record storage volume reaches 75% of maximum audit record storage capacity.
Organizations are required to use a central log management system, so, under normal conditions, the audit space allocated to EDB Postgres on its own server will not be an issue. However, space will...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must prohibit user installation of logic modules (stored procedures, functions, triggers, views, etc.) without explicit privileged status.
Allowing regular users to install software, without explicit privileges, creates the risk that untested or potentially malicious software will be installed on the system. Explicit privileges (escal...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must disable network functions, ports, protocols, and services deemed by the organization to be nonsecure, in accord with the Ports, Protocols, and Services Management (PPSM) guidance.
Use of nonsecure network functions, ports, protocols, and services exposes the system to avoidable threats. A database cluster listens on a single port (usually 5444 for Postgres Plus Advanced Ser...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized modification of organization-defined information at rest (to include, at a minimum, PII and classified information) on organization-defined information system components.
DBMSs handling data requiring "data at rest" protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. These cryptographic mec...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must implement cryptographic mechanisms preventing the unauthorized disclosure of organization-defined information at rest on organization-defined information system components.
DBMSs handling data requiring "data at rest" protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. These cryptographic mec...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must maintain the confidentiality and integrity of information during reception.
Information can be either unintentionally or maliciously disclosed or modified during reception, including, for example, during aggregation, at protocol transformation points, and during packing/un...Rule Medium Severity -
Security-relevant software updates to the EDB Postgres Advanced Server must be installed within the time period directed by an authoritative source (e.g., IAVM, CTOs, DTMs, and STIGs).
Security flaws with software applications, including database management systems, are discovered daily. Vendors are constantly updating and patching their products to address newly discovered secur...Rule Medium Severity -
The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must generate audit records showing starting and ending time for user access to the database(s) and concurrent logons/connections by the same user from different workstations.
For completeness of forensic analysis, it is necessary to know how long a user's (or other principal's) connection to the DBMS lasts. This can be achieved by recording disconnections, in addition t...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000001-DB-000031
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SRG-APP-000023-DB-000001
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The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must integrate with an organization-level authentication/access mechanism providing account management and automation for all users, groups, roles, and any other principals.
Enterprise environments make account management for applications and databases challenging and complex. A manual process for account management functions adds the risk of a potential oversight or o...Rule High Severity -
SRG-APP-000033-DB-000084
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SRG-APP-000080-DB-000063
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The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must protect against a user falsely repudiating by ensuring all accounts are individual, unique, and not shared.
Non-repudiation of actions taken is required in order to maintain data integrity. Examples of particular actions taken by individuals include creating information, sending a message, approving info...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000089-DB-000064
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SRG-APP-000090-DB-000065
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The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must allow only the ISSM (or individuals or roles appointed by the ISSM) to select which auditable events are to be audited.
Without the capability to restrict the types of roles and individuals that can select which events are audited, unauthorized personnel may be able to prevent or interfere with the auditing of criti...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000091-DB-000066
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SRG-APP-000092-DB-000208
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The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must initiate support of session auditing upon startup.
Session auditing is used when a user's activities are under investigation. To ensure all activity is captured during those periods when session auditing is in use, it must be in operation for the e...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000101-DB-000044
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The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must include additional, more detailed, organization-defined information in the audit records for audit events identified by type, location, or subject.
Information system auditing capability is critical for accurate forensic analysis. Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough infor...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000109-DB-000049
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The EDB Postgres Advanced Server must by default shut down upon audit failure, to include the unavailability of space for more audit log records; or must be configurable to shut down upon audit failure.
It is critical that when the DBMS is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required, action be taken to mitigate the failure. Audit processing failures include: software/hardware errors; fail...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000109-DB-000321
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SRG-APP-000118-DB-000059
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The audit information produced by the EDB Postgres Advanced Server must be protected from unauthorized read access.
If audit data were to become compromised, then competent forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is difficult, if not impossible, to achieve. In ...Rule Medium Severity
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