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Guide to the Secure Configuration of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • Configure Logwatch on the Central Log Server

    Is this system the central log server? If so, edit the file /etc/logwatch/conf/logwatch.conf as shown below.
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  • Configure Logwatch HostLimit Line

    On a central logserver, you want Logwatch to summarize all syslog entries, including those which did not originate on the logserver itself. The <co...
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Configure Logwatch SplitHosts Line

    If <code>SplitHosts</code> is set, Logwatch will separate entries by hostname. This makes the report longer but significantly more usable. If it is...
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Ensure Proper Configuration of Log Files

    The file <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> controls where log message are written. These are controlled by lines called <i>rules</i>, which consist of...
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  • User who owns log files

    Specify user owner of all logfiles specified in /etc/rsyslog.conf.
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  • Ensure cron Is Logging To Rsyslog

    Cron logging must be implemented to spot intrusions or trace cron job status. If <code>cron</code> is not logging to <code>rsyslog</code>, it can b...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra_rtr_pref

    Accept router preference in router advertisements?
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  • Ensure Rsyslog Authenticates Off-Loaded Audit Records

    Rsyslogd is a system utility providing support for message logging. Support for both internet and UNIX domain sockets enables this utility to suppo...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure Rsyslog Encrypts Off-Loaded Audit Records

    Rsyslogd is a system utility providing support for message logging. Support for both internet and UNIX domain sockets enables this utility to suppo...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure Rsyslog Encrypts Off-Loaded Audit Records

    Rsyslogd is a system utility providing support for message logging. Support for both internet and UNIX domain sockets enables this utility to suppo...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure Log Files Are Owned By Appropriate User

    The owner of all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be <code>root</code>. These log files are determined by the second part of each...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure System Log Files Have Correct Permissions

    The file permissions for all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be set to 640, or more restrictive. These log files are determined by...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure logging is configured

    The <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> and <code>/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf</code> files specifies rules for logging and which files are to be used to log c...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • systemd-journald

    systemd-journald is a system service that collects and stores logging data. It creates and maintains structured, indexed journals based on logging ...
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  • Enable systemd-journald Service

    The <code>systemd-journald</code> service is an essential component of systemd. The <code>systemd-journald</code> service can be enabled with the ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure journald is configured to compress large log files

    The journald system can compress large log files to avoid fill the system disk.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure IPv6 Settings if Necessary

    A major feature of IPv6 is the extent to which systems implementing it can automatically configure their networking devices using information from ...
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  • Nftables Base Chain Hooks

    The possible hooks which can be used to configure the base chain are: <code>ingress</code> (only in netdev family since Linux kernel 4.2, and inet ...
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  • Nftables Chain Names

    The rules in nftables are attached to chains. Unlike in iptables, there are no predefined chains like INPUT, OUTPUT, etc. Instead, to filter pack...
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  • Ensure All Logs are Rotated by logrotate

    Edit the file <code>/etc/logrotate.d/syslog</code>. Find the first line, which should look like this (wrapped for clarity): <pre>/var/log/message...
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  • Ensure logrotate is Installed

    logrotate is installed by default. The <code>logrotate</code> package can be installed with the following command: <pre> $ sudo yum install logrota...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure Logrotate Runs Periodically

    The <code>logrotate</code> utility allows for the automatic rotation of log files. The frequency of rotation is specified in <code>/etc/logrotate....
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Enable logrotate Timer

    The logrotate timer can be enabled with the following command: 
    $ sudo systemctl enable logrotate.timer
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure rsyslogd to Accept Remote Messages If Acting as a Log Server

    By default, <code>rsyslog</code> does not listen over the network for log messages. If needed, modules can be enabled to allow the rsyslog daemon t...
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  • Ensure syslog-ng is Installed

    syslog-ng can be installed in replacement of rsyslog. The <code>syslog-ng-core</code> package can be installed with the following command: <pre> $ ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Enable syslog-ng Service

    The <code>syslog-ng</code> service (in replacement of rsyslog) provides syslog-style logging by default on Debian. The <code>syslog-ng</code> serv...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Enable rsyslog to Accept Messages via TCP, if Acting As Log Server

    The <code>rsyslog</code> daemon should not accept remote messages unless the system acts as a log server. If the system needs to act as a central l...
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Enable rsyslog to Accept Messages via UDP, if Acting As Log Server

    The <code>rsyslog</code> daemon should not accept remote messages unless the system acts as a log server. If the system needs to act as a central l...
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Ensure rsyslog Does Not Accept Remote Messages Unless Acting As Log Server

    The <code>rsyslog</code> daemon should not accept remote messages unless the system acts as a log server. To ensure that it is not listening on the...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Disable Client Dynamic DNS Updates

    Dynamic DNS allows clients to dynamically update their own DNS records. The updates are transmitted by unencrypted means which can reveal informati...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Rsyslog Logs Sent To Remote Host

    If system logs are to be useful in detecting malicious activities, it is necessary to send logs to a remote server. An intruder who has compromised...
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  • Remote Log Server

    Specify an URI or IP address of a remote host where the log messages will be sent and stored.
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  • Ensure Logs Sent To Remote Host

    To configure rsyslog to send logs to a remote log server, open <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> and read and understand the last section of the file,...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure TLS for rsyslog remote logging

    Configure <code>rsyslog</code> to use Transport Layer Security (TLS) support for logging to remote server for the Forwarding Output Module in <code...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure CA certificate for rsyslog remote logging

    Configure CA certificate for <code>rsyslog</code> logging to remote server using Transport Layer Security (TLS) using correct path for the <code>De...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Network Configuration and Firewalls

    Most systems must be connected to a network of some sort, and this brings with it the substantial risk of network attack. This section discusses th...
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  • Configure Multiple DNS Servers in /etc/resolv.conf

    Determine whether the system is using local or DNS name resolution with the following command: <pre>$ sudo grep hosts /etc/nsswitch.conf hosts: fi...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Disable IPv6 Addressing on All IPv6 Interfaces

    To disable support for (<code>ipv6</code>) addressing on all interface add the following line to <code>/etc/sysctl.d/ipv6.conf</code> (or another f...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Disable Zeroconf Networking

    Zeroconf networking allows the system to assign itself an IP address and engage in IP communication without a statically-assigned address or even a...
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Prevent non-Privileged Users from Modifying Network Interfaces using nmcli

    By default, non-privileged users are given permissions to modify networking interfaces and configurations using the <code>nmcli</code> command. Non...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure System is Not Acting as a Network Sniffer

    The system should not be acting as a network sniffer, which can capture all traffic on the network to which it is connected. Run the following to d...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • firewalld

    The dynamic firewall daemon <code>firewalld</code> provides a dynamically managed firewall with support for network “zones” to assign a level of tr...
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  • Ensure network interfaces are assigned to appropriate zone

    Firewall zones define the trust level of network connections or interfaces. Note: Changing firewall settings while connected over network can resul...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Inspect and Activate Default firewalld Rules

    Firewalls can be used to separate networks into different zones based on the level of trust the user has decided to place on the devices and traffi...
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  • Install firewalld Package

    The firewalld package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ sudo yum install firewalld
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Verify firewalld Enabled

    The firewalld service can be enabled with the following command: 
    $ sudo systemctl enable firewalld.service
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Strengthen the Default Ruleset

    The default rules can be strengthened. The system scripts that activate the firewall rules expect them to be defined in configuration files under t...
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  • Configure the Firewalld Ports

    Configure the <code>firewalld</code> ports to allow approved services to have access to the system. To configure <code>firewalld</code> to open por...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure firewalld To Rate Limit Connections

    Create a direct firewall rule to protect against DoS attacks with the following command: <pre>$ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --direct --add-rule i...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Set Default firewalld Zone for Incoming Packets

    To set the default zone to <code>drop</code> for the built-in default zone which processes incoming IPv4 and IPv6 packets, modify the following lin...
    Rule Medium Severity
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