Guide to the Secure Configuration of UnionTech OS Server 20
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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Enable rsyslog Service
The <code>rsyslog</code> service provides syslog-style logging by default on UnionTech OS Server 20. The <code>rsyslog</code> service can be enabled with the following command: <pre>$ sudo systemc...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure Proper Configuration of Log Files
The file <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> controls where log message are written. These are controlled by lines called <i>rules</i>, which consist of a <i>selector</i> and an <i>action</i>. These rul...Group -
Ensure Rsyslog Authenticates Off-Loaded Audit Records
Rsyslogd is a system utility providing support for message logging. Support for both internet and UNIX domain sockets enables this utility to support both local and remote logging. Couple this uti...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure Rsyslog Encrypts Off-Loaded Audit Records
Rsyslogd is a system utility providing support for message logging. Support for both internet and UNIX domain sockets enables this utility to support both local and remote logging. Couple this uti...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure Rsyslog Encrypts Off-Loaded Audit Records
Rsyslogd is a system utility providing support for message logging. Support for both internet and UNIX domain sockets enables this utility to support both local and remote logging. Couple this uti...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure Log Files Are Owned By Appropriate User
The owner of all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be <code>root</code>. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> and t...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure System Log Files Have Correct Permissions
The file permissions for all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be set to 640, or more restrictive. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/r...Rule Medium Severity -
Enable systemd-journald Service
The <code>systemd-journald</code> service is an essential component of systemd. The <code>systemd-journald</code> service can be enabled with the following command: <pre>$ sudo systemctl enable sy...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure All Logs are Rotated by logrotate
Edit the file <code>/etc/logrotate.d/syslog</code>. Find the first line, which should look like this (wrapped for clarity): <pre>/var/log/messages /var/log/secure /var/log/maillog /var/log/spoole...Group -
Rsyslog Logs Sent To Remote Host
If system logs are to be useful in detecting malicious activities, it is necessary to send logs to a remote server. An intruder who has compromised the root account on a system may delete the log e...Group -
Ensure Logs Sent To Remote Host
To configure rsyslog to send logs to a remote log server, open <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> and read and understand the last section of the file, which describes the multiple directives necessary...Rule Medium Severity -
Network Configuration and Firewalls
Most systems must be connected to a network of some sort, and this brings with it the substantial risk of network attack. This section discusses the security impact of decisions about networking wh...Group -
Install libreswan Package
The libreswan package provides an implementation of IPsec and IKE, which permits the creation of secure tunnels over untrusted networks. The <code>libreswan</code> package can be installed with the...Rule Medium Severity -
iptables and ip6tables
A host-based firewall called <code>netfilter</code> is included as part of the Linux kernel distributed with the system. It is activated by default. This firewall is controlled by the program <code...Group -
Inspect and Activate Default Rules
View the currently-enforced <code>iptables</code> rules by running the command: <pre>$ sudo iptables -nL --line-numbers</pre> The command is analogous for <code>ip6tables</code>. <br> <br> ...Group -
Verify ip6tables Enabled if Using IPv6
Theip6tablesservice can be enabled with the following command:$ sudo systemctl enable ip6tables.service
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Verify iptables Enabled
Theiptablesservice can be enabled with the following command:$ sudo systemctl enable iptables.service
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Set Default ip6tables Policy for Incoming Packets
To set the default policy to DROP (instead of ACCEPT) for the built-in INPUT chain which processes incoming packets, add or correct the following line in <code>/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</code>: <pre...Rule Medium Severity -
Strengthen the Default Ruleset
The default rules can be strengthened. The system scripts that activate the firewall rules expect them to be defined in the configuration files <code>iptables</code> and <code>ip6tables</code> in t...Group -
Set Default iptables Policy for Incoming Packets
To set the default policy to DROP (instead of ACCEPT) for the built-in INPUT chain which processes incoming packets, add or correct the following line in <code>/etc/sysconfig/iptables</code>: <pre>...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Default iptables Policy for Forwarded Packets
To set the default policy to DROP (instead of ACCEPT) for the built-in FORWARD chain which processes packets that will be forwarded from one interface to another, add or correct the following line ...Rule Medium Severity -
Disable Accepting Packets Routed Between Local Interfaces
To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_local</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_local=0</pre> To make sure t...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure ARP filtering for All IPv4 Interfaces
To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter=<xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccd...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure Response Mode of ARP Requests for All IPv4 Interfaces
To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore=<xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccd...Rule Medium Severity -
Prevent Routing External Traffic to Local Loopback on All IPv4 Interfaces
To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.conf.all.route_localnet</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.route_localnet=0</pre> To make su...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure Sending and Accepting Shared Media Redirects for All IPv4 Interfaces
To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.conf.all.shared_media</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.shared_media=<xccdf-1.2:sub idref="...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure Sending and Accepting Shared Media Redirects by Default
To set the runtime status of the <code>net.ipv4.conf.default.shared_media</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.shared_media=<xccdf-1.2:sub...Rule Medium Severity -
Disable RDS Support
The Reliable Datagram Sockets (RDS) protocol is a transport layer protocol designed to provide reliable high-bandwidth, low-latency communications between nodes in a cluster. To configure the syst...Rule Low Severity -
Disable TIPC Support
The Transparent Inter-Process Communication (TIPC) protocol is designed to provide communications between nodes in a cluster. To configure the system to prevent the <code>tipc</code> kernel module...Rule Low Severity -
File Permissions and Masks
Traditional Unix security relies heavily on file and directory permissions to prevent unauthorized users from reading or modifying files to which they should not have access. <br> <br> Severa...Group -
Verify that All World-Writable Directories Have Sticky Bits Set
When the so-called 'sticky bit' is set on a directory, only the owner of a given file may remove that file from the directory. Without the sticky bit, any user with write access to a directory may ...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on System.map Files
The System.map files are symbol map files generated during the compilation of the Linux kernel. They contain the mapping between kernel symbols and their corresponding memory addresses. In general,...Rule Low Severity -
Enable Kernel Parameter to Enforce DAC on Hardlinks
To set the runtime status of the <code>fs.protected_hardlinks</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w fs.protected_hardlinks=1</pre> To make sure that the setting ...Rule Medium Severity -
Enable Kernel Parameter to Enforce DAC on Symlinks
To set the runtime status of the <code>fs.protected_symlinks</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w fs.protected_symlinks=1</pre> To make sure that the setting is...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Group Who Owns Backup group File
To properly set the group owner of/etc/group-, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /etc/group-
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Verify Group Who Owns Backup gshadow File
To properly set the group owner of/etc/gshadow-, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /etc/gshadow-
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Verify Group Who Owns Backup passwd File
To properly set the group owner of/etc/passwd-, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /etc/passwd-
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Verify User Who Owns Backup shadow File
To properly set the group owner of/etc/shadow-, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /etc/shadow-
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Group Who Owns group File
To properly set the group owner of/etc/group, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /etc/group
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Verify Group Who Owns gshadow File
To properly set the group owner of/etc/gshadow, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /etc/gshadow
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Group Who Owns passwd File
To properly set the group owner of/etc/passwd, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /etc/passwd
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Group Who Owns shadow File
To properly set the group owner of/etc/shadow, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /etc/shadow
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Verify User Who Owns Backup group File
To properly set the owner of/etc/group-, run the command:$ sudo chown root /etc/group-
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Verify that Shared Library Directories Have Restrictive Permissions
System-wide shared library directories, which contain are linked to executables during process load time or run time, are stored in the following directories by default: <pre>/lib /lib64 /usr/lib /...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify that Shared Library Files Have Restrictive Permissions
System-wide shared library files, which are linked to executables during process load time or run time, are stored in the following directories by default: <pre>/lib /lib64 /usr/lib /usr/lib64 </pr...Rule Medium Severity -
Disable the Automounter
The <code>autofs</code> daemon mounts and unmounts filesystems, such as user home directories shared via NFS, on demand. In addition, autofs can be used to handle removable media, and the default c...Rule Medium Severity -
Kernel panic on oops
To set the runtime status of the <code>kernel.panic_on_oops</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w kernel.panic_on_oops=1</pre> To make sure that the setting is p...Rule Medium Severity -
Disable Core Dumps
A core dump file is the memory image of an executable program when it was terminated by the operating system due to errant behavior. In most cases, only software developers legitimately need to acc...Group -
Restrict Exposed Kernel Pointer Addresses Access
To set the runtime status of the <code>kernel.kptr_restrict</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w kernel.kptr_restrict=<xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject...Rule Medium Severity -
Enable Randomized Layout of Virtual Address Space
To set the runtime status of the <code>kernel.randomize_va_space</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w kernel.randomize_va_space=2</pre> To make sure that the se...Rule Medium Severity
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