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Guide to the Secure Configuration of UnionTech OS Server 20

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • Avoid speculative indirect branches in kernel

    Compile kernel with the retpoline compiler options to guard against kernel-to-user data leaks by avoiding speculative indirect branches. Requires a compiler with -mindirect-branch=thunk-extern supp...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable seccomp to safely compute untrusted bytecode

    This kernel feature is useful for number crunching applications that may need to compute untrusted bytecode during their execution. By using pipes or other transports made available to the process ...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable use of Berkeley Packet Filter with seccomp

    Enable tasks to build secure computing environments defined in terms of Berkeley Packet Filter programs which implement task-defined system call filtering polices. The configuration that was used ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Enable different security models

    This allows you to choose different security modules to be configured into your kernel. The configuration that was used to build kernel is available at <code>/boot/config-*</code>. To check th...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Disable mutable hooks

    Ensure kernel structures associated with LSMs are always mapped as read-only after system boot. The configuration that was used to build kernel is available at <code>/boot/config-*</code>. To ...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable Yama support

    This enables support for LSM module Yama, which extends DAC support with additional system-wide security settings beyond regular Linux discretionary access controls. The module will limit the use o...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Enable SLUB debugging support

    SLUB has extensive debug support features and this allows the allocator validation checking to be enabled. The configuration that was used to build kernel is available at <code>/boot/config-*</cod...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable TCP/IP syncookie support

    Normal TCP/IP networking is open to an attack known as SYN flooding. It is denial-of-service attack that prevents legitimate remote users from being able to connect to your computer during an ongoi...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Unmap kernel when running in userspace (aka KAISER)

    Speculation attacks against some high-performance processors can be used to bypass MMU permission checks and leak kernel data to userspace. This can be defended against by unmapping the kernel when...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Disable x86 vsyscall emulation

    Disabling it is roughly equivalent to booting with vsyscall=none, except that it will also disable the helpful warning if a program tries to use a vsyscall. With this option set to N, offending pro...
    Rule Low Severity
    Show

  • systemd-journald

    systemd-journald is a system service that collects and stores logging data. It creates and maintains structured, indexed journals based on logging information that is received from a variety of sou...
    Group
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  • Remote Log Server

    Specify an URI or IP address of a remote host where the log messages will be sent and stored.
    Value
    Show

  • IPSec Support

    Support for Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is provided with Libreswan.
    Group
    Show

  • net.ipv4.conf.default.shared_media

    Controls whether the system can send(router) or accept(host) RFC1620 shared media redirects. <code>shared_media</code> for the interface will be enabled if at least one of conf/{all,interface}/shar...
    Value
    Show

  • IPv6

    The system includes support for Internet Protocol version 6. A major and often-mentioned improvement over IPv4 is its enormous increase in the number of available addresses. Another important featu...
    Group
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  • Disable Support for IPv6 Unless Needed

    Despite configuration that suggests support for IPv6 has been disabled, link-local IPv6 address auto-configuration occurs even when only an IPv4 address is assigned. The only way to effectively pre...
    Group
    Show

  • Disable IPv6 Networking Support Automatic Loading

    To prevent the IPv6 kernel module (<code>ipv6</code>) from binding to the IPv6 networking stack, add the following line to <code>/etc/modprobe.d/disabled.conf</code> (or another file in <code>/etc/...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Disable IPv6 Addressing on All IPv6 Interfaces

    To disable support for (<code>ipv6</code>) addressing on all interface add the following line to <code>/etc/sysctl.d/ipv6.conf</code> (or another file in <code>/etc/sysctl.d</code>): <pre>net.ipv6....
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Disable IPv6 Addressing on IPv6 Interfaces by Default

    To disable support for (<code>ipv6</code>) addressing on interfaces by default add the following line to <code>/etc/sysctl.d/ipv6.conf</code> (or another file in <code>/etc/sysctl.d</code>): <pre>n...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Kernel Parameters Which Affect Networking

    The sysctl utility is used to set parameters which affect the operation of the Linux kernel. Kernel parameters which affect networking and have security implications are described here.
    Group
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  • Network Related Kernel Runtime Parameters for Hosts and Routers

    Certain kernel parameters should be set for systems which are acting as either hosts or routers to improve the system's ability defend against certain types of IPv4 protocol attacks.
    Group
    Show

  • net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_filter

    Controls whether the ARP filter is enabled or not. 1 - Allows you to have multiple network interfaces on the same subnet, and have the ARPs for each interface be answered based on whether or not t...
    Value
    Show

  • net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_ignore

    Control the response modes for ARP queries that resolve local target IP addresses: 0 - (default): reply for any local target IP address, configured on any interface 1 - reply only if the target IP...
    Value
    Show

  • net.ipv4.conf.all.shared_media

    Controls whether the system can send (router) or accept (host) RFC1620 shared media redirects. <code>shared_media</code> for the interface will be enabled if at least one of conf/{all,interface}/sh...
    Value
    Show

  • Uncomplicated Firewall (ufw)

    The Linux kernel in Ubuntu provides a packet filtering system called netfilter, and the traditional interface for manipulating netfilter are the iptables suite of commands. iptables provide a compl...
    Group
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  • Verify Permissions on Important Files and Directories

    Permissions for many files on a system must be set restrictively to ensure sensitive information is properly protected. This section discusses important permission restrictions which can be verifie...
    Group
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  • Ensure All SUID Executables Are Authorized

    The SUID (set user id) bit should be set only on files that were installed via authorized means. A straightforward means of identifying unauthorized SUID files is determine if any were not installe...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure No World-Writable Files Exist

    It is generally a good idea to remove global (other) write access to a file when it is discovered. However, check with documentation for specific applications before making changes. Also, monitor f...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Verify Permissions on Files with Local Account Information and Credentials

    The default restrictive permissions for files which act as important security databases such as <code>passwd</code>, <code>shadow</code>, <code>group</code>, and <code>gshadow</code> files must be ...
    Group
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  • Verify Permissions on /var/log/syslog File

    To properly set the permissions of /var/log/syslog, run the command: 
    $ sudo chmod 0640 /var/log/syslog
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns Backup gshadow File

    To properly set the owner of /etc/gshadow-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chown root /etc/gshadow-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns Backup passwd File

    To properly set the owner of /etc/passwd-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chown root /etc/passwd-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Group Who Owns Backup shadow File

    To properly set the owner of /etc/shadow-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chown root /etc/shadow-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns group File

    To properly set the owner of /etc/group, run the command: 
    $ sudo chown root /etc/group
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns gshadow File

    To properly set the owner of /etc/gshadow, run the command: 
    $ sudo chown root /etc/gshadow
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns passwd File

    To properly set the owner of /etc/passwd, run the command: 
    $ sudo chown root /etc/passwd
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns shadow File

    To properly set the owner of /etc/shadow, run the command: 
    $ sudo chown root /etc/shadow
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Permissions on Backup group File

    To properly set the permissions of /etc/group-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chmod 0644 /etc/group-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Permissions on Backup gshadow File

    To properly set the permissions of /etc/gshadow-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chmod 0000 /etc/gshadow-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Permissions on Backup passwd File

    To properly set the permissions of /etc/passwd-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chmod 0644 /etc/passwd-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Permissions on Backup shadow File

    To properly set the permissions of /etc/shadow-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chmod 0000 /etc/shadow-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Permissions on gshadow File

    To properly set the permissions of /etc/gshadow, run the command: 
    $ sudo chmod 0000 /etc/gshadow
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Permissions on shadow File

    To properly set the permissions of /etc/shadow, run the command: 
    $ sudo chmod 0000 /etc/shadow
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Permissions on Files within /var/log Directory

    The /var/log directory contains files with logs of error messages in the system and should only be accessed by authorized personnel.
    Group
    Show

  • Verify Group Who Owns /var/log Directory

    To properly set the group owner of /var/log, run the command: 
    $ sudo chgrp root /var/log
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Group Who Owns /var/log/messages File

    To properly set the group owner of /var/log/messages, run the command: 
    $ sudo chgrp root /var/log/messages
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Group Who Owns /var/log/syslog File

    To properly set the group owner of /var/log/syslog, run the command: 
    $ sudo chgrp adm /var/log/syslog
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns /var/log Directory

    To properly set the owner of /var/log, run the command: 
    $ sudo chown root /var/log
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns /var/log/messages File

    To properly set the owner of /var/log/messages, run the command: 
    $ sudo chown root /var/log/messages
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns /var/log/syslog File

    To properly set the owner of /var/log/syslog, run the command: 
    $ sudo chown syslog /var/log/syslog
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

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