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Guide to the Secure Configuration of Ubuntu 22.04

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • Verify that Shared Library Files Have Restrictive Permissions

    System-wide shared library files, which are linked to executables during process load time or run time, are stored in the following directories by default: <pre>/lib /lib64 /usr/lib /usr/lib64 </pr...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify the system-wide library files in directories "/lib", "/lib64", "/usr/lib/" and "/usr/lib64" are group-owned by root.

    System-wide library files are stored in the following directories by default: <pre>/lib /lib64 /usr/lib /usr/lib64 </pre> All system-wide shared library files should be protected from unauthorised ...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Disable Mounting of cramfs

    To configure the system to prevent the <code>cramfs</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modprobe.d/cramfs.conf</code>: <pre>install cramfs /bin/fa...
    Rule Low Severity
    Show

  • Disable Mounting of hfs

    To configure the system to prevent the <code>hfs</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modprobe.d/hfs.conf</code>: <pre>install hfs /bin/false</pre>...
    Rule Low Severity
    Show

  • Disable Mounting of hfsplus

    To configure the system to prevent the <code>hfsplus</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modprobe.d/hfsplus.conf</code>: <pre>install hfsplus /bin...
    Rule Low Severity
    Show

  • Disable Mounting of squashfs

    To configure the system to prevent the <code>squashfs</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modprobe.d/squashfs.conf</code>: <pre>install squashfs /...
    Rule Low Severity
    Show

  • Disable Mounting of udf

    To configure the system to prevent the <code>udf</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modprobe.d/udf.conf</code>: <pre>install udf /bin/false</pre>...
    Rule Low Severity
    Show

  • Disable Modprobe Loading of USB Storage Driver

    To prevent USB storage devices from being used, configure the kernel module loading system to prevent automatic loading of the USB storage driver. To configure the system to prevent the <code>usb-...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Restrict Partition Mount Options

    System partitions can be mounted with certain options that limit what files on those partitions can do. These options are set in the <code>/etc/fstab</code> configuration file, and can be used to m...
    Group
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  • Add nodev Option to /dev/shm

    The <code>nodev</code> mount option can be used to prevent creation of device files in <code>/dev/shm</code>. Legitimate character and block devices should not exist within temporary directories li...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add noexec Option to /dev/shm

    The <code>noexec</code> mount option can be used to prevent binaries from being executed out of <code>/dev/shm</code>. It can be dangerous to allow the execution of binaries from world-writable tem...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nosuid Option to /dev/shm

    The <code>nosuid</code> mount option can be used to prevent execution of setuid programs in <code>/dev/shm</code>. The SUID and SGID permissions should not be required in these world-writable dire...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nodev Option to /home

    The <code>nodev</code> mount option can be used to prevent device files from being created in <code>/home</code>. Legitimate character and block devices should exist only in the <code>/dev</code> d...
    Rule Unknown Severity
    Show

  • Add nosuid Option to /home

    The <code>nosuid</code> mount option can be used to prevent execution of setuid programs in <code>/home</code>. The SUID and SGID permissions should not be required in these user data directories. ...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nodev Option to /tmp

    The <code>nodev</code> mount option can be used to prevent device files from being created in <code>/tmp</code>. Legitimate character and block devices should not exist within temporary directories...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add noexec Option to /tmp

    The <code>noexec</code> mount option can be used to prevent binaries from being executed out of <code>/tmp</code>. Add the <code>noexec</code> option to the fourth column of <code>/etc/fstab</code>...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nosuid Option to /tmp

    The <code>nosuid</code> mount option can be used to prevent execution of setuid programs in <code>/tmp</code>. The SUID and SGID permissions should not be required in these world-writable directori...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nodev Option to /var/log/audit

    The <code>nodev</code> mount option can be used to prevent device files from being created in <code>/var/log/audit</code>. Legitimate character and block devices should exist only in the <code>/dev...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add noexec Option to /var/log/audit

    The <code>noexec</code> mount option can be used to prevent binaries from being executed out of <code>/var/log/audit</code>. Add the <code>noexec</code> option to the fourth column of <code>/etc/fs...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nosuid Option to /var/log/audit

    The <code>nosuid</code> mount option can be used to prevent execution of setuid programs in <code>/var/log/audit</code>. The SUID and SGID permissions should not be required in directories containi...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nodev Option to /var/log

    The <code>nodev</code> mount option can be used to prevent device files from being created in <code>/var/log</code>. Legitimate character and block devices should exist only in the <code>/dev</code...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add noexec Option to /var/log

    The <code>noexec</code> mount option can be used to prevent binaries from being executed out of <code>/var/log</code>. Add the <code>noexec</code> option to the fourth column of <code>/etc/fstab</c...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nosuid Option to /var/log

    The <code>nosuid</code> mount option can be used to prevent execution of setuid programs in <code>/var/log</code>. The SUID and SGID permissions should not be required in directories containing log...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nodev Option to /var

    The <code>nodev</code> mount option can be used to prevent device files from being created in <code>/var</code>. Legitimate character and block devices should exist only in the <code>/dev</code> di...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nodev Option to /var/tmp

    The <code>nodev</code> mount option can be used to prevent device files from being created in <code>/var/tmp</code>. Legitimate character and block devices should not exist within temporary directo...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add noexec Option to /var/tmp

    The <code>noexec</code> mount option can be used to prevent binaries from being executed out of <code>/var/tmp</code>. Add the <code>noexec</code> option to the fourth column of <code>/etc/fstab</c...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Add nosuid Option to /var/tmp

    The <code>nosuid</code> mount option can be used to prevent execution of setuid programs in <code>/var/tmp</code>. The SUID and SGID permissions should not be required in these world-writable direc...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Restrict Programs from Dangerous Execution Patterns

    The recommendations in this section are designed to ensure that the system's features to protect against potentially dangerous program execution are activated. These protections are applied at the ...
    Group
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  • Disable the uvcvideo module

    If the device contains a camera it should be covered or disabled when not in use.
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Disable core dump backtraces

    The <code>ProcessSizeMax</code> option in <code>[Coredump]</code> section of <code>/etc/systemd/coredump.conf</code> specifies the maximum size in bytes of a core which will be processed. Core dump...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Disable storing core dump

    The Storage option in [Coredump] sectionof /etc/systemd/coredump.conf can be set to none to disable storing core dumps permanently.
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Disable Core Dumps for All Users

    To disable core dumps for all users, add the following line to <code>/etc/security/limits.conf</code>, or to a file within the <code>/etc/security/limits.d/</code> directory: <pre>* hard core...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Disable Core Dumps for SUID programs

    To set the runtime status of the <code>fs.suid_dumpable</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w fs.suid_dumpable=0</pre> To make sure that the setting is persisten...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable ExecShield

    ExecShield describes kernel features that provide protection against exploitation of memory corruption errors such as buffer overflows. These features include random placement of the stack and othe...
    Group
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  • kernel.kptr_restrict

    Configure exposition of kernel pointer addresses
    Value
    Show

  • Enable Randomized Layout of Virtual Address Space

    To set the runtime status of the <code>kernel.randomize_va_space</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w kernel.randomize_va_space=2</pre> To make sure that the se...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable Execute Disable (XD) or No Execute (NX) Support on x86 Systems

    Recent processors in the x86 family support the ability to prevent code execution on a per memory page basis. Generically and on AMD processors, this ability is called No Execute (NX), while on Int...
    Group
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  • Enable NX or XD Support in the BIOS

    Reboot the system and enter the BIOS or Setup configuration menu. Navigate the BIOS configuration menu and make sure that the option is enabled. The setting may be located under a Security section....
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • SELinux

    SELinux is a feature of the Linux kernel which can be used to guard against misconfigured or compromised programs. SELinux enforces the idea that programs should be limited in what files they can a...
    Group
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  • SELinux state

    enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
    permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
    disabled - SELinux is fully disabled.
    Value
    Show

  • Ensure SELinux is Not Disabled

    The SELinux state should be set to <code>enforcing</code> or <code>permissive</code> at system boot time. In the file <code>/etc/selinux/config</code>, add or correct the following line to configur...
    Rule High Severity
    Show

  • Ensure SELinux State is Enforcing

    The SELinux state should be set to <code><xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_value_var_selinux_state" use="legacy"></xccdf-1.2:sub></code> at system boot time. In the file <code>/et...
    Rule High Severity
    Show

  • Apport Service

    The Apport service provides debugging and crash reporting features on Ubuntu distributions.
    Group
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  • Disable Apport Service

    The Apport modifies certain kernel configuration values at runtime which may decrease the overall security of the system and expose sensitive data. The <code>apport</code> service can be disabled ...
    Rule Unknown Severity
    Show

  • APT service configuration

    The apt service manage the package management and update of the whole system. Its configuration need to be properly defined to ensure efficient security updates, packages and repository authenticat...
    Group
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  • Disable unauthenticated repositories in APT configuration

    Unauthenticated repositories should not be used for updates.
    Rule Unknown Severity
    Show

  • Avahi Server

    The Avahi daemon implements the DNS Service Discovery and Multicast DNS protocols, which provide service and host discovery on a network. It allows a system to automatically identify resources on t...
    Group
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  • Configure Avahi if Necessary

    If your system requires the Avahi daemon, its configuration can be restricted to improve security. The Avahi daemon configuration file is <code>/etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf</code>. The following se...
    Group
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  • Disable Avahi Server if Possible

    Because the Avahi daemon service keeps an open network port, it is subject to network attacks. Disabling it can reduce the system's vulnerability to such attacks.
    Group
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  • Uninstall avahi Server Package

    If the system does not need to have an Avahi server which implements the DNS Service Discovery and Multicast DNS protocols, the avahi-autoipd and avahi packages can be uninstalled.
    Rule Medium Severity
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