Guide to the Secure Configuration of Ubuntu 18.04
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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Verify User Who Owns gshadow File
To properly set the owner of/etc/gshadow, run the command:$ sudo chown root /etc/gshadow
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify User Who Owns passwd File
To properly set the owner of/etc/passwd, run the command:$ sudo chown root /etc/passwd
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify User Who Owns shadow File
To properly set the owner of/etc/shadow, run the command:$ sudo chown root /etc/shadow
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on Backup group File
To properly set the permissions of/etc/group-, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0644 /etc/group-
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on Backup gshadow File
To properly set the permissions of/etc/gshadow-, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0640 /etc/gshadow-
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on Backup passwd File
To properly set the permissions of/etc/passwd-, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0644 /etc/passwd-
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on Backup shadow File
To properly set the permissions of/etc/shadow-, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0640 /etc/shadow-
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on gshadow File
To properly set the permissions of/etc/gshadow, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0640 /etc/gshadow
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on passwd File
To properly set the permissions of/etc/passwd, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0644 /etc/passwd
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on shadow File
To properly set the permissions of/etc/shadow, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0640 /etc/shadow
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on Files within /var/log Directory
The/var/logdirectory contains files with logs of error messages in the system and should only be accessed by authorized personnel.Group -
Verify Group Who Owns /var/log Directory
To properly set the group owner of/var/log, run the command:$ sudo chgrp syslog /var/log
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Group Who Owns /var/log/messages File
To properly set the group owner of/var/log/messages, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /var/log/messages
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Group Who Owns /var/log/syslog File
To properly set the group owner of/var/log/syslog, run the command:$ sudo chgrp adm /var/log/syslog
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify User Who Owns /var/log Directory
To properly set the owner of/var/log, run the command:$ sudo chown root /var/log
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify User Who Owns /var/log/messages File
To properly set the owner of/var/log/messages, run the command:$ sudo chown root /var/log/messages
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify User Who Owns /var/log/syslog File
To properly set the owner of/var/log/syslog, run the command:$ sudo chown syslog /var/log/syslog
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on /var/log Directory
To properly set the permissions of/var/log, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0755 /var/log
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on /var/log/messages File
To properly set the permissions of/var/log/messages, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0640 /var/log/messages
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions on /var/log/syslog File
To properly set the permissions of/var/log/syslog, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0640 /var/log/syslog
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify File Permissions Within Some Important Directories
Some directories contain files whose confidentiality or integrity is notably important and may also be susceptible to misconfiguration over time, p...Group -
Verify that System Executable Have Root Ownership
<pre>/bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/sbin /usr/local/bin /usr/local/sbin</pre> All these directories should be owned by the <code>root</code> user. If any...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify that Shared Library Directories Have Root Ownership
System-wide shared library files, which are linked to executables during process load time or run time, are stored in the following directories by ...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify that System Executable Directories Have Restrictive Permissions
System executables are stored in the following directories by default: <pre>/bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/sbin /usr/local/bin /usr/local/sbin</pre> Thes...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify that Shared Library Directories Have Restrictive Permissions
System-wide shared library directories, which contain are linked to executables during process load time or run time, are stored in the following d...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify that System Executables Have Root Ownership
System executables are stored in the following directories by default: <pre>/bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/libexec /usr/local/bin /usr/local/sbin /usr/sb...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify that Shared Library Files Have Root Ownership
System-wide shared library files, which are linked to executables during process load time or run time, are stored in the following directories by ...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify that System Executables Have Restrictive Permissions
System executables are stored in the following directories by default: <pre>/bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/libexec /usr/local/bin /usr/local/sbin /usr/sb...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify that Shared Library Files Have Restrictive Permissions
System-wide shared library files, which are linked to executables during process load time or run time, are stored in the following directories by ...Rule Medium Severity -
Restrict Dynamic Mounting and Unmounting of Filesystems
Linux includes a number of facilities for the automated addition and removal of filesystems on a running system. These facilities may be necessary...Group -
Disable the Automounter
The <code>autofs</code> daemon mounts and unmounts filesystems, such as user home directories shared via NFS, on demand. In addition, autofs can be...Rule Medium Severity -
Disable Mounting of cramfs
To configure the system to prevent the <code>cramfs</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modprobe...Rule Low Severity -
Disable Mounting of freevxfs
To configure the system to prevent the <code>freevxfs</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modpro...Rule Low Severity -
Disable Mounting of hfs
To configure the system to prevent the <code>hfs</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modprobe.d/...Rule Low Severity -
Disable Mounting of hfsplus
To configure the system to prevent the <code>hfsplus</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modprob...Rule Low Severity -
Disable Mounting of jffs2
To configure the system to prevent the <code>jffs2</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modprobe....Rule Low Severity -
Disable Mounting of udf
To configure the system to prevent the <code>udf</code> kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to the file <code>/etc/modprobe.d/...Rule Low Severity -
Restrict Partition Mount Options
System partitions can be mounted with certain options that limit what files on those partitions can do. These options are set in the <code>/etc/fst...Group -
Value for hidepid option
The hidepid mount option is applicable to /proc and is used to control who can access the information in /proc/[pid] directories. The option can ha...Value -
Removable Partition
This value is used by the checks mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions, mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions, and mount_option_nodev_removable...Value -
Add nodev Option to /dev/shm
The <code>nodev</code> mount option can be used to prevent creation of device files in <code>/dev/shm</code>. Legitimate character and block device...Rule Medium Severity -
Restrict Programs from Dangerous Execution Patterns
The recommendations in this section are designed to ensure that the system's features to protect against potentially dangerous program execution ar...Group -
kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled
Prevent unprivileged processes from using the bpf() syscall.Value -
Add noexec Option to /dev/shm
The <code>noexec</code> mount option can be used to prevent binaries from being executed out of <code>/dev/shm</code>. It can be dangerous to allow...Rule Medium Severity -
Add nosuid Option to /dev/shm
The <code>nosuid</code> mount option can be used to prevent execution of setuid programs in <code>/dev/shm</code>. The SUID and SGID permissions s...Rule Medium Severity -
Add nodev Option to /home
The <code>nodev</code> mount option can be used to prevent device files from being created in <code>/home</code>. Legitimate character and block de...Rule Unknown Severity -
Add nodev Option to Removable Media Partitions
The <code>nodev</code> mount option prevents files from being interpreted as character or block devices. Legitimate character and block devices sho...Rule Medium Severity -
Add noexec Option to Removable Media Partitions
The <code>noexec</code> mount option prevents the direct execution of binaries on the mounted filesystem. Preventing the direct execution of binari...Rule Medium Severity -
Add nosuid Option to Removable Media Partitions
The <code>nosuid</code> mount option prevents set-user-identifier (SUID) and set-group-identifier (SGID) permissions from taking effect. These perm...Rule Medium Severity -
Add nodev Option to /tmp
The <code>nodev</code> mount option can be used to prevent device files from being created in <code>/tmp</code>. Legitimate character and block dev...Rule Medium Severity
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