Guide to the Secure Configuration of SUSE Linux Enterprise 15
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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Verify Permissions On /etc/ipsec.conf File
To properly set the permissions of/etc/ipsec.conf, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0644 /etc/ipsec.conf
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions On /etc/ipsec.secrets File
To properly set the permissions of/etc/ipsec.secrets, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0644 /etc/ipsec.secrets
Rule Medium Severity -
iptables and ip6tables
A host-based firewall called <code>netfilter</code> is included as part of the Linux kernel distributed with the system. It is activated by default. This firewall is controlled by the program <code...Group -
Verify Group Who Owns /etc/iptables Directory
To properly set the group owner of/etc/iptables, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /etc/iptables
Rule Medium Severity -
Configure Logind to terminate idle sessions after certain time of inactivity
To configure <code>logind</code> service to terminate inactive user sessions after <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_value_var_logind_session_timeout" use="legacy"></xccdf-1.2:sub>...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure PAM Enforces Password Requirements - Minimum Different Categories
The pam_pwquality module's <code>minclass</code> parameter controls requirements for usage of different character classes, or types, of character that must exist in a password before it is consider...Rule Medium Severity -
Set PAM's Common Authentication Hashing Algorithm
The PAM system service can be configured to only store encrypted representations of passwords. In <code>/etc/pam.d/common-auth</code>, the <code>auth</code> section of the file controls which PAM m...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Hashing Algorithm in /etc/login.defs
In <code>/etc/login.defs</code>, add or update the following line to ensure the system will use <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_value_var_password_hashing_algorithm" use="legacy"...Rule Medium Severity -
Set PAM''s Password Hashing Algorithm
The PAM system service can be configured to only store encrypted representations of passwords. In "/etc/pam.d/common-password", the <code>password</code> section of the file controls which PAM modu...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify that Interactive Boot is Disabled
SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 systems support an "interactive boot" option that can be used to prevent services from being started. On a SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 system, interactive boot can be enabled ...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify User Who Owns /etc/iptables Directory
To properly set the owner of/etc/iptables, run the command:$ sudo chown root /etc/iptables
Rule Medium Severity -
Install Smart Card Packages For Multifactor Authentication
Configure the operating system to implement multifactor authentication by installing the required package with the following command: The <code>pam_pkcs11</code> package can be installed with the ...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure Smart Card Certificate Authority Validation
Configure the operating system to do certificate status checking for PKI authentication. Modify all of the <code>cert_policy</code> lines in <code>/etc/pam_pkcs11/pam_pkcs11.conf</code> to include ...Rule Medium Severity -
Enable Smart Card Logins in PAM
This requirement only applies to components where this is specific to the function of the device or has the concept of an organizational user (e.g., VPN, proxy capability). This does not apply to a...Rule Medium Severity -
Only Authorized Local User Accounts Exist on Operating System
Enterprise Application tends to use the server or virtual machine exclusively. Besides the default operating system user, there should be only authorized local users required by the installed softw...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Account Expiration Following Inactivity
To specify the number of days after a password expires (which signifies inactivity) until an account is permanently disabled, add or correct the following line in <code>/etc/default/useradd</code>:...Rule Medium Severity -
Assign Expiration Date to Temporary Accounts
Temporary accounts are established as part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts. In the event temporary accounts are required, configure the system t...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Expiration Parameters
The file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> controls several password-related settings. Programs such as <code>passwd</code>, <code>su</code>, and <code>login</code> consult <code>/etc/login.defs</code> ...Group -
Maximum Root Password Age
Maximum age of password in days for the root accountValue -
Set Password Maximum Age
To specify password maximum age for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MAX_DAYS <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.con...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Root Account Password Maximum Age
Configure the root account to enforce a <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_value_var_accounts_maximum_age_root" use="legacy"></xccdf-1.2:sub>-day maximum password lifetime restricti...Rule Medium Severity -
Password Hashing algorithm
Specify the number of rounds for the system password encryption algorithm. Defines the value set in/etc/pam.d/system-authand/etc/pam.d/password-authValue -
Set number of Password Hashing Rounds - password-auth
Configure the number or rounds for the password hashing algorithm. This can be accomplished by using the <code>rounds</code> option for the <code>pam_unix</code> PAM module. <br> <br> In f...Rule Medium Severity -
Direct root Logins Not Allowed
To further limit access to the <code>root</code> account, administrators can disable root logins at the console by editing the <code>/etc/securetty</code> file. This file lists all devices the root...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure that System Accounts Do Not Run a Shell Upon Login
Some accounts are not associated with a human user of the system, and exist to perform some administrative functions. Should an attacker be able to log into these accounts, they should not be grant...Rule Medium Severity -
Enforce Usage of pam_wheel with Group Parameter for su Authentication
To ensure that only users who are members of the group set in the <code>group</code> option of <code>pam_wheel.so</code> module can run commands with altered privileges through the <code>su</code> ...Rule Medium Severity -
Limit the Number of Concurrent Login Sessions Allowed Per User
Limiting the number of allowed users and sessions per user can limit risks related to Denial of Service attacks. This addresses concurrent sessions for a single account and does not address concurr...Rule Low Severity -
All Interactive Users Home Directories Must Exist
Create home directories to all local interactive users that currently do not have a home directory assigned. Use the following commands to create the user home directory assigned in <code>/etc/pass...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure that User Home Directories are not Group-Writable or World-Readable
For each human user of the system, view the permissions of the user's home directory: <pre># ls -ld /home/<i>USER</i> </pre> Ensure that the directory is not group-writable and that it is n...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure AppArmor is installed
AppArmor provide Mandatory Access Controls.Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions On /etc/iptables Directory
To properly set the permissions of/etc/iptables, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0700 /etc/iptables
Rule Medium Severity -
Disable DCCP Support
The Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) is a relatively new transport layer protocol, designed to support streaming media and telephony. To configure the system to prevent the <code>dccp</...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure AppArmor is Active and Configured
Verify that the Apparmor tool is configured to control whitelisted applications and user home directory access control.<br> <br> The <code>apparmor</code> service can be enabled with the fo...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure L1 Terminal Fault mitigations
L1 Terminal Fault (L1TF) is a hardware vulnerability which allows unprivileged speculative access to data which is available in the Level 1 Data Cache when the page table entry isn't present. Sele...Rule High Severity -
Configure the confidence in TPM for entropy
The TPM security chip that is available in most modern systems has a hardware RNG. It is also used to feed the entropy pool, but generally not credited entropy. Use <code>rng_core.default_quality<...Rule Low Severity -
Configure Speculative Store Bypass Mitigation
Certain CPUs are vulnerable to an exploit against a common wide industry wide performance optimization known as Speculative Store Bypass (SSB). In such cases, recent stores to the same memory loca...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify /boot/grub2/user.cfg Group Ownership
The file <code>/boot/grub2/user.cfg</code> should be group-owned by the <code>root</code> group to prevent reading or modification of the file. To properly set the group owner of <code>/boot/grub2...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify /boot/grub2/user.cfg User Ownership
The file <code>/boot/grub2/user.cfg</code> should be owned by the <code>root</code> user to prevent reading or modification of the file. To properly set the owner of <code>/boot/grub2/user.cfg</co...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify /boot/grub2/user.cfg Permissions
File permissions for <code>/boot/grub2/user.cfg</code> should be set to 600. To properly set the permissions of <code>/boot/grub2/user.cfg</code>, run the command: <pre>$ sudo chmod 600 /boot/grub...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify the UEFI Boot Loader grub.cfg Group Ownership
The file <code>/boot/grub2/grub.cfg</code> should be group-owned by the <code>root</code> group to prevent destruction or modification of the file. To properly set the group owner of <code>/boot/g...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Permissions On /etc/crypttab File
To properly set the permissions of/etc/crypttab, run the command:$ sudo chmod 0600 /etc/crypttab
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify User Who Owns /etc/sysctl.d Directory
To properly set the owner of/etc/sysctl.d, run the command:$ sudo chown root /etc/sysctl.d
Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure Proper Configuration of Log Files
The file <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> controls where log message are written. These are controlled by lines called <i>rules</i>, which consist of a <i>selector</i> and an <i>action</i>. These rul...Group -
Ensure Rsyslog Encrypts Off-Loaded Audit Records
Rsyslogd is a system utility providing support for message logging. Support for both internet and UNIX domain sockets enables this utility to support both local and remote logging. Couple this uti...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure Log Files Are Owned By Appropriate Group
The group-owner of all log files written by <code>rsyslog</code> should be <code>root</code>. These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in <code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</code> a...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure All Logs are Rotated by logrotate
Edit the file <code>/etc/logrotate.d/syslog</code>. Find the first line, which should look like this (wrapped for clarity): <pre>/var/log/messages /var/log/secure /var/log/maillog /var/log/spoole...Group -
Rsyslog Logs Sent To Remote Host
If system logs are to be useful in detecting malicious activities, it is necessary to send logs to a remote server. An intruder who has compromised the root account on a system may delete the log e...Group -
Inspect and Activate Default firewalld Rules
Firewalls can be used to separate networks into different zones based on the level of trust the user has decided to place on the devices and traffic within that network. <code>NetworkManager</code>...Group -
Install firewalld Package
Thefirewalldpackage can be installed with the following command:$ sudo zypper install firewalld
Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Group Who Owns /etc/nftables Directory
To properly set the group owner of/etc/nftables, run the command:$ sudo chgrp root /etc/nftables
Rule Medium Severity
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