Guide to the Secure Configuration of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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Set Password Hashing Algorithm in /etc/login.defs
In <code>/etc/login.defs</code>, add or correct the following line to ensure the system will use <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_value_var_password_hashing_algorithm" use="legacy...Rule Medium Severity -
Set PAM''s Password Hashing Algorithm - password-auth
The PAM system service can be configured to only store encrypted representations of passwords. In <code>/etc/pam.d/password-auth</code>, the <code>password</code> section of the file controls which...Rule Medium Severity -
Set PAM''s Password Hashing Algorithm
The PAM system service can be configured to only store encrypted representations of passwords. In "/etc/pam.d/system-auth", the <code>password</code> section of the file controls which PAM modules ...Rule Medium Severity -
Protect Physical Console Access
It is impossible to fully protect a system from an attacker with physical access, so securing the space in which the system is located should be considered a necessary step. However, there are some...Group -
Login timeout for idle sessions
Specify duration of allowed idle time.Value -
Disable debug-shell SystemD Service
SystemD's <code>debug-shell</code> service is intended to diagnose SystemD related boot issues with various <code>systemctl</code> commands. Once enabled and following a system reboot, the root she...Rule Medium Severity -
Disable Ctrl-Alt-Del Burst Action
By default, <code>SystemD</code> will reboot the system if the <code>Ctrl-Alt-Del</code> key sequence is pressed Ctrl-Alt-Delete more than 7 times in 2 seconds. <br><br> To configure the system to ...Rule High Severity -
Disable Ctrl-Alt-Del Reboot Activation
By default, <code>SystemD</code> will reboot the system if the <code>Ctrl-Alt-Del</code> key sequence is pressed. <br><br> To configure the system to ignore the <code>Ctrl-Alt-Del</code> key sequen...Rule High Severity -
Verify that Interactive Boot is Disabled
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 systems support an "interactive boot" option that can be used to prevent services from being started. On a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 system, interactive boot can be enab...Rule Medium Severity -
Require Authentication for Emergency Systemd Target
Emergency mode is intended as a system recovery method, providing a single user root access to the system during a failed boot sequence. <br><br> By default, Emergency mode is protected by requirin...Rule Medium Severity -
Require Authentication for Single User Mode
Single-user mode is intended as a system recovery method, providing a single user root access to the system by providing a boot option at startup. <br><br> By default, single-user mode is protected...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure Screen Locking
When a user must temporarily leave an account logged-in, screen locking should be employed to prevent passersby from abusing the account. User education and training is particularly important for s...Group -
Configure Console Screen Locking
A console screen locking mechanism is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not logout because of th...Group -
Install the screen Package
To enable console screen locking, install the <code>screen</code> package. The <code>screen</code> package can be installed with the following command: <pre> $ sudo yum install screen</pre> Instruc...Rule Medium Severity -
Hardware Tokens for Authentication
The use of hardware tokens such as smart cards for system login provides stronger, two-factor authentication than using a username and password. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux servers and workstation...Group -
OpenSC Smart Card Drivers
Choose the Smart Card Driver in use by your organization. <br>For DoD, choose the <code>cac</code> driver. <br>If your driver is not listed and you don't want to use the <code>default</code> driver...Value -
Install the opensc Package For Multifactor Authentication
Theopenscpackage can be installed with the following command:$ sudo yum install opensc
Rule Medium Severity -
Install the pcsc-lite package
Thepcsc-litepackage can be installed with the following command:$ sudo yum install pcsc-lite
Rule Medium Severity -
Install Smart Card Packages For Multifactor Authentication
Configure the operating system to implement multifactor authentication by installing the required package with the following command: The <code>pam_pkcs11</code> package can be installed with the ...Rule Medium Severity -
Enable the pcscd Service
Thepcscdservice can be enabled with the following command:$ sudo systemctl enable pcscd.service
Rule Medium Severity -
Configure opensc Smart Card Drivers
The OpenSC smart card tool can auto-detect smart card drivers; however, setting the smart card drivers in use by your organization helps to prevent users from using unauthorized smart cards. The de...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure NSS DB To Use opensc
The <code>opensc</code> module should be configured for use over the <code>Coolkey PKCS#11</code> module in the NSS database. To configure the NSS database to use the <code>opensc</code> module, ru...Rule Medium Severity -
Force opensc To Use Defined Smart Card Driver
The OpenSC smart card middleware can auto-detect smart card drivers; however by forcing the smart card driver in use by your organization, opensc will no longer autodetect or use other drivers unle...Rule Medium Severity -
Enable Smart Card Login
To enable smart card authentication, consult the documentation at: <ul><li><b><a href="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/system-level_authentication_guid...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure Smart Card Certificate Status Checking
Configure the operating system to do certificate status checking for PKI authentication. Modify all of the <code>cert_policy</code> lines in <code>/etc/pam_pkcs11/pam_pkcs11.conf</code> to include ...Rule Medium Severity -
Protect Accounts by Restricting Password-Based Login
Conventionally, Unix shell accounts are accessed by providing a username and password to a login program, which tests these values for correctness using the <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/...Group -
Accounts Authorized Local Users on the Operating System
List the user accounts that are authorized locally on the operating system. This list includes both users requried by the operating system and by the installed applications. Depending on the Operat...Value -
Ensure All Accounts on the System Have Unique User IDs
Change user IDs (UIDs), or delete accounts, so each has a unique name.Rule Medium Severity -
Only Authorized Local User Accounts Exist on Operating System
Enterprise Application tends to use the server or virtual machine exclusively. Besides the default operating system user, there should be only authorized local users required by the installed softw...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure All Groups on the System Have Unique Group ID
Change the group name or delete groups, so each has a unique id.Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure All Groups on the System Have Unique Group Names
Change the group name or delete groups, so each has a unique name.Rule Medium Severity -
Set Account Expiration Parameters
Accounts can be configured to be automatically disabled after a certain time period, meaning that they will require administrator interaction to become usable again. Expiration of accounts after in...Group -
number of days after the last login of the user when the user will be locked out
'This option is specific for the auth or account phase. It specifies the number of days after the last login of the user when the user will be locked out by the pam_lastlog module.'Value -
number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled
The number of days to wait after a password expires, until the account will be permanently disabled.Value -
Set Account Expiration Following Inactivity
To specify the number of days after a password expires (which signifies inactivity) until an account is permanently disabled, add or correct the following line in <code>/etc/default/useradd</code>:...Rule Medium Severity -
Assign Expiration Date to Emergency Accounts
Emergency accounts are privileged accounts established in response to crisis situations where the need for rapid account activation is required. In the event emergency accounts are required, config...Rule Medium Severity -
Assign Expiration Date to Temporary Accounts
Temporary accounts are established as part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts. In the event temporary accounts are required, configure the system t...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure All Accounts on the System Have Unique Names
Ensure accounts on the system have unique names. To ensure all accounts have unique names, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo getent passwd | awk -F: '{ print $1}' | uniq -d</pre> If a usernam...Rule Medium Severity -
Use Centralized and Automated Authentication
Implement an automated system for managing user accounts that minimizes the risk of errors, either intentional or deliberate. This system should integrate with an existing enterprise user managemen...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure shadow Group is Empty
The shadow group allows system programs which require access the ability to read the /etc/shadow file. No users should be assigned to the shadow group.Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Expiration Parameters
The file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> controls several password-related settings. Programs such as <code>passwd</code>, <code>su</code>, and <code>login</code> consult <code>/etc/login.defs</code> ...Group -
Set Password Maximum Age
To specify password maximum age for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MAX_DAYS <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.con...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Minimum Age
To specify password minimum age for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MIN_DAYS <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.con...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Minimum Length in login.defs
To specify password length requirements for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MIN_LEN <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproj...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Existing Passwords Maximum Age
Configure non-compliant accounts to enforce a <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_value_var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" use="legacy"></xccdf-1.2:sub>-day maximum password lifeti...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Existing Passwords Minimum Age
Configure non-compliant accounts to enforce a 24 hours/1 day minimum password lifetime by running the following command:$ sudo chage -m 1 USER
Rule Medium Severity -
Set Existing Passwords Warning Age
To configure how many days prior to password expiration that a warning will be issued to users, run the command: <pre>$ sudo chage --warndays <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_valu...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Warning Age
To specify how many days prior to password expiration that a warning will be issued to users, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_WARN_AGE <...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Proper Storage and Existence of Password Hashes
By default, password hashes for local accounts are stored in the second field (colon-separated) in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. This file should be readable only by processes running with root credent...Group -
Password Hashing algorithm
Specify the number of SHA rounds for the system password encryption algorithm. Defines the value set in/etc/pam.d/system-authand/etc/pam.d/password-authValue
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