Guide to the Secure Configuration of Alibaba Cloud Linux 3
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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PAM pwhistory remember - control flag
'Specify the control flag required for password remember requirement. If multiple values are allowed write them separated by commas as in "required,requisite", for remediations the first value will...Value -
tally2
Number of failed login attemptsValue -
Account Lockouts Must Be Logged
PAM faillock locks an account due to excessive password failures, this event must be logged.Rule Medium Severity -
Account Lockouts Must Persist
By setting a `dir` in the faillock configuration account lockouts will persist across reboots.Rule Medium Severity -
Limit Password Reuse: system-auth
Do not allow users to reuse recent passwords. This can be accomplished by using the <code>remember</code> option for the <code>pam_pwhistory</code> PAM module. <br> <br> On systems with n...Rule Medium Severity -
Account Lockouts Must Be Logged
PAM faillock locks an account due to excessive password failures, this event must be logged.Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Quality Requirements
The default <code>pam_pwquality</code> PAM module provides strength checking for passwords. It performs a number of checks, such as making sure passwords are not similar to dictionary words, are of...Group -
Ensure All Groups on the System Have Unique Group ID
Change the group name or delete groups, so each has a unique id.Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure All Groups on the System Have Unique Group Names
Change the group name or delete groups, so each has a unique name.Rule Medium Severity -
dcredit
Minimum number of digits in passwordValue -
lcredit
Minimum number of lower case in passwordValue -
minlen
Minimum number of characters in passwordValue -
Ensure PAM Enforces Password Requirements - Minimum Length
The pam_pwquality module's <code>minlen</code> parameter controls requirements for minimum characters required in a password. Add <code>minlen=<xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_val...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Hashing Algorithm
The system's default algorithm for storing password hashes in/etc/shadowis SHA-512. This can be configured in several locations.Group -
Protect Accounts by Restricting Password-Based Login
Conventionally, Unix shell accounts are accessed by providing a username and password to a login program, which tests these values for correctness using the <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/...Group -
Ensure All Accounts on the System Have Unique User IDs
Change user IDs (UIDs), or delete accounts, so each has a unique name.Rule Medium Severity -
number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled
The number of days to wait after a password expires, until the account will be permanently disabled.Value -
Ensure All Accounts on the System Have Unique Names
Ensure accounts on the system have unique names. To ensure all accounts have unique names, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo getent passwd | awk -F: '{ print $1}' | uniq -d</pre> If a usernam...Rule Medium Severity -
Use Centralized and Automated Authentication
Implement an automated system for managing user accounts that minimizes the risk of errors, either intentional or deliberate. This system should integrate with an existing enterprise user managemen...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Expiration Parameters
The file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> controls several password-related settings. Programs such as <code>passwd</code>, <code>su</code>, and <code>login</code> consult <code>/etc/login.defs</code> ...Group -
maximum password age
Maximum age of password in daysValue -
minimum password age
Minimum age of password in daysValue -
minimum password length
Minimum number of characters in passwordValue -
warning days before password expires
The number of days' warning given before a password expires.Value -
Set Password Minimum Length in login.defs
To specify password length requirements for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MIN_LEN <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproj...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Existing Passwords Maximum Age
Configure non-compliant accounts to enforce a <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.content_value_var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" use="legacy"></xccdf-1.2:sub>-day maximum password lifeti...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Warning Age
To specify how many days prior to password expiration that a warning will be issued to users, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_WARN_AGE <...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Proper Storage and Existence of Password Hashes
By default, password hashes for local accounts are stored in the second field (colon-separated) in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. This file should be readable only by processes running with root credent...Group -
Verify All Account Password Hashes are Shadowed
If any password hashes are stored in <code>/etc/passwd</code> (in the second field, instead of an <code>x</code> or <code>*</code>), the cause of this misconfiguration should be investigated. The a...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure all users last password change date is in the past
All users should have a password change date in the past.Rule Medium Severity -
All GIDs referenced in /etc/passwd must be defined in /etc/group
Add a group to the system for each GID referenced without a corresponding group.Rule Low Severity -
Prevent Login to Accounts With Empty Password
If an account is configured for password authentication but does not have an assigned password, it may be possible to log into the account without authentication. Remove any instances of the <code>...Rule High Severity -
Restrict Root Logins
Direct root logins should be allowed only for emergency use. In normal situations, the administrator should access the system via a unique unprivileged account, and then use <code>su</code> or <cod...Group -
Verify Only Root Has UID 0
If any account other than root has a UID of 0, this misconfiguration should be investigated and the accounts other than root should be removed or have their UID changed. <br> If the account is asso...Rule High Severity -
Verify Root Has A Primary GID 0
Therootuser should have a primary group of 0.Rule High Severity -
Ensure that System Accounts Do Not Run a Shell Upon Login
Some accounts are not associated with a human user of the system, and exist to perform some administrative functions. Should an attacker be able to log into these accounts, they should not be grant...Rule Medium Severity -
Restrict Serial Port Root Logins
To restrict root logins on serial ports, ensure lines of this form do not appear in/etc/securetty:ttyS0 ttyS1
Rule Medium Severity -
Restrict Virtual Console Root Logins
To restrict root logins through the (deprecated) virtual console devices, ensure lines of this form do not appear in/etc/securetty:vc/1 vc/2 vc/3 vc/4
Rule Medium Severity -
Secure Session Configuration Files for Login Accounts
When a user logs into a Unix account, the system configures the user's session by reading a number of files. Many of these files are located in the user's home directory, and may have weak permissi...Group -
Maximum login attempts delay
Maximum time in seconds between fail login attempts before re-prompting.Value -
Maximum concurrent login sessions
Maximum number of concurrent sessions by a userValue -
Account Inactivity Timeout (seconds)
In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as the number of seconds to wait for input after issuing the primary prompt. Bash terminates after waiting for that number of seconds if input does...Value -
Ensure the Logon Failure Delay is Set Correctly in login.defs
To ensure the logon failure delay controlled by <code>/etc/login.defs</code> is set properly, add or correct the <code>FAIL_DELAY</code> setting in <code>/etc/login.defs</code> to read as follows: ...Rule Medium Severity -
Configure Polyinstantiation of /tmp Directories
To configure polyinstantiated /tmp directories, first create the parent directories which will hold the polyinstantiation child directories. Use the following command: <pre>$ sudo mkdir --mode 000 ...Rule Low Severity -
Configure Polyinstantiation of /var/tmp Directories
To configure polyinstantiated /tmp directories, first create the parent directories which will hold the polyinstantiation child directories. Use the following command: <pre>$ sudo mkdir --mode 000 ...Rule Low Severity -
Ensure the audit Subsystem is Installed
The audit package should be installed.Rule Medium Severity -
System Accounting with auditd
The audit service provides substantial capabilities for recording system activities. By default, the service audits about SELinux AVC denials and certain types of security-relevant events such as s...Group -
Record Unauthorized Access Attempts Events to Files (unsuccessful)
At a minimum, the audit system should collect unauthorized file accesses for all users and root. Note that the "-F arch=b32" lines should be present even on a 64 bit system. These commands identify...Group -
Action for auditd to take when disk is full
'The setting for disk_full_action in /etc/audit/auditd.conf, if multiple values are allowed write them separated by pipes as in "syslog|single|halt", for remediations the first value will be taken'Value -
Number of Record to Retain Before Flushing to Disk
The setting for freq in /etc/audit/auditd.confValue
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