Cisco IOS Switch NDM Security Technical Implementation Guide
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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SRG-APP-000516-NDM-000340
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SRG-APP-000516-NDM-000344
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The Cisco switch must be configured to obtain its public key certificates from an appropriate certificate policy through an approved service provider.
Each organization obtains user certificates from an approved, shared service provider as required by OMB policy. For federal agencies operating a legacy public key infrastructure cross-certified wi...Rule Medium Severity -
SRG-APP-000516-NDM-000350
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SRG-APP-000516-NDM-000351
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The Cisco switch must be configured to limit the number of concurrent management sessions to an organization-defined number.
Device management includes the ability to control the number of administrators and management sessions that manage a device. Limiting the number of allowed administrators and sessions per administr...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to automatically audit account modification.
Because the accounts in the network device are privileged or system-level accounts, account management is vital to the security of the network device. Account management by a designated authority e...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to automatically audit account disabling actions.
Account management, as a whole, ensures access to the network device is being controlled in a secure manner by granting access to only authorized personnel. Auditing account disabling actions will ...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to enforce approved authorizations for controlling the flow of management information within the device based on control policies.
A mechanism to detect and prevent unauthorized communication flow must be configured or provided as part of the system design. If management information flow is not enforced based on approved autho...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to enforce the limit of three consecutive invalid logon attempts, after which time it must lock out the user account from accessing the device for 15 minutes.
By limiting the number of failed logon attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-forcing, is reduced.Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the device.
Display of the DoD-approved use notification before granting access to the network device ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal laws, Executi...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must produce audit records containing information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred.
It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what was attempted, where it was done, when it was done, and by whom it was done to compile an accurate risk assessment. Logging...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must produce audit records containing information to establish where the events occurred.
To compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know where events occurred, such as device hardware components, device software modul...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to generate audit records containing the full-text recording of privileged commands.
Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information. Organizations consider limiting the additional audit information to only ...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to protect audit information from unauthorized modification.
Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, and audit reports) needed to successfully audit network device activity. If audit data were to become compromised, ...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to protect audit information from unauthorized deletion.
Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, and audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity. If audit data were to become compromis...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to limit privileges to change the software resident within software libraries.
Changes to any software components of the network device can have significant effects on the overall security of the network. Therefore, only qualified and authorized individuals should be allowed ...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to prohibit the use of all unnecessary and non-secure functions and services.
Network devices are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services provided by default may not be necessary to support essential organizational op...Rule High Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured with only one local account to be used as the account of last resort in the event the authentication server is unavailable.
Authentication for administrative (privileged-level) access to the device is required at all times. An account can be created on the device's local database for use when the authentication server i...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to enforce a minimum 15-character password length.
Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password length is one factor of several that helps to d...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one uppercase character be used.
Use of a complex passwords helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisti...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one lowercase character be used.
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resistin...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one numeric character be used.
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resistin...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one special character be used.
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resistin...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to require that when a password is changed, the characters are changed in at least eight of the positions within the password.
If the application allows the user to consecutively reuse extensive portions of passwords, this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the window of opportunity for attempts at ...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must only store cryptographic representations of passwords.
Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily c...Rule High Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to terminate all network connections associated with device management after five minutes of inactivity.
Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled on the console or console port th...Rule High Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to automatically audit account enabling actions.
Once an attacker establishes initial access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to enable...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to allocate audit record storage capacity in accordance with organization-defined audit record storage requirements.
To ensure that network devices have a sufficient storage capacity in which to write the audit logs, they need to be able to allocate audit record storage capacity. The task of allocating audit reco...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to synchronize its clock with the primary and secondary time sources using redundant authoritative time sources.
The loss of connectivity to a particular authoritative time source will result in the loss of time synchronization (free-run mode) and increasingly inaccurate time stamps on audit events and other ...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to authenticate Network Time Protocol (NTP) sources using authentication that is cryptographically based.
If NTP is not authenticated, an attacker can introduce a rogue NTP server. This rogue server can then be used to send incorrect time information to network devices, which will make log timestamps i...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to use FIPS-validated Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC) to protect the integrity of remote maintenance sessions.
Unapproved mechanisms that are used for authentication to the cryptographic module are not verified and therefore cannot be relied on to provide confidentiality or integrity, and DOD data may be co...Rule High Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful logon attempts occur.
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an in...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to support organizational requirements to conduct backups of the configuration when changes occur.
System-level information includes default and customized settings and security attributes, including access control lists (ACLs) that relate to the network device configuration, as well as software...Rule Medium Severity -
The Cisco switch must be configured to send log data to at least two central log servers for the purpose of forwarding alerts to the administrators and the information system security officer (ISSO).
The aggregation of log data kept on a syslog server can be used to detect attacks and trigger an alert to the appropriate security personnel. The stored log data can used to detect weaknesses in se...Rule High Severity -
The Cisco switch must be running an IOS release that is currently supported by Cisco Systems.
Network devices running an unsupported operating system lack current security fixes required to mitigate the risks associated with recent vulnerabilities. Running a supported release enables operat...Rule High Severity
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