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Guide to the Secure Configuration of Amazon Linux 2023

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • Verify Group Who Owns /etc/cron.allow file

    If <code>/etc/cron.allow</code> exists, it must be group-owned by <code>root</code>. To properly set the group owner of <code>/etc/cron.allow</code>, run the command: <pre>$ sudo chgrp root /etc/c...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Verify User Who Owns /etc/at.allow file

    If <code>/etc/at.allow</code> exists, it must be owned by <code>root</code>. To properly set the owner of <code>/etc/at.allow</code>, run the command: <pre>$ sudo chown root /etc/at.allow </pre> ...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns /etc/cron.allow file

    If <code>/etc/cron.allow</code> exists, it must be owned by <code>root</code>. To properly set the owner of <code>/etc/cron.allow</code>, run the command: <pre>$ sudo chown root /etc/cron.allow </...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Permissions on /etc/at.allow file

    If <code>/etc/at.allow</code> exists, it must have permissions <code>0640</code> or more restrictive. To properly set the permissions of <code>/etc/at.allow</code>, run the command: <pre>$ sudo c...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Permissions on /etc/cron.allow file

    If <code>/etc/cron.allow</code> exists, it must have permissions <code>0640</code> or more restrictive. To properly set the permissions of <code>/etc/cron.allow</code>, run the command: <pre>$ su...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • DHCP

    The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) allows systems to request and obtain an IP address and other configuration parameters from a server. <br> <br> This guide recommends configuring...
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  • Disable DHCP Server

    The DHCP server <code>dhcpd</code> is not installed or activated by default. If the software was installed and activated, but the system does not need to act as a DHCP server, it should be disabled...
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  • Remove ftp Package

    FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a traditional and widely used standard tool for transferring files between a server and clients over a network, especially where no authentication is necessary (perm...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Disable vsftpd if Possible

    To minimize attack surface, disable vsftpd if at all possible.
    Group
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  • Uninstall vsftpd Package

    The vsftpd package can be removed with the following command: 
     $ sudo dnf remove vsftpd
    Rule High Severity
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  • Web Server

    The web server is responsible for providing access to content via the HTTP protocol. Web servers represent a significant security risk because: <br> <br> <ul> <li>The HTTP port is commo...
    Group
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  • Disable Apache if Possible

    If Apache was installed and activated, but the system does not need to act as a web server, then it should be disabled and removed from the system.
    Group
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  • Uninstall httpd Package

    The httpd package can be removed with the following command: 
    $ sudo dnf remove httpd
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Disable NGINX if Possible

    If NGINX was installed and activated, but the system does not need to act as a web server, then it should be removed from the system.
    Group
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  • Uninstall nginx Package

    The nginx package can be removed with the following command: 
    $ sudo dnf remove nginx
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • IMAP and POP3 Server

    Dovecot provides IMAP and POP3 services. It is not installed by default. The project page at <a href="http://www.dovecot.org">http://www.dovecot.org</a> contains more detailed information abou...
    Group
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  • Disable Cyrus IMAP

    If the system does not need to operate as an IMAP or POP3 server, the Cyrus IMAP software should be removed.
    Group
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  • Uninstall cyrus-imapd Package

    The cyrus-imapd package can be removed with the following command: 
    $ sudo dnf remove cyrus-imapd
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Disable Dovecot

    If the system does not need to operate as an IMAP or POP3 server, the dovecot software should be disabled and removed.
    Group
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  • Uninstall dovecot Package

    The dovecot package can be removed with the following command: 
    $ sudo dnf remove dovecot
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • LDAP

    LDAP is a popular directory service, that is, a standardized way of looking up information from a central database. Amazon Linux 2023 includes software that enables a system to act as both an LDAP ...
    Group
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  • Configure OpenLDAP Clients

    This section provides information on which security settings are important to configure in OpenLDAP clients by manually editing the appropriate configuration files. Amazon Linux 2023 provides an a...
    Group
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  • Ensure LDAP client is not installed

    The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is a service that provides a method for looking up information from a central database. The <code>openldap-clients</code> package can be removed wit...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Mail Server Software

    Mail servers are used to send and receive email over the network. Mail is a very common service, and Mail Transfer Agents (MTAs) are obvious targets of network attack. Ensure that systems are not r...
    Group
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  • Ensure Mail Transfer Agent is not Listening on any non-loopback Address

    Mail Transfer Agents (MTA), such as sendmail and Postfix, are used to listen for incoming mail and transfer the messages to the appropriate user or mail server. If the system is not intended to be ...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Configure SMTP For Mail Clients

    This section discusses settings for Postfix in a submission-only e-mail configuration.
    Group
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  • Postfix Network Interfaces

    The setting for inet_interfaces in /etc/postfix/main.cf
    Value
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  • Disable Postfix Network Listening

    Edit the file <code>/etc/postfix/main.cf</code> to ensure that only the following <code>inet_interfaces</code> line appears: <pre>inet_interfaces = <xccdf-1.2:sub idref="xccdf_org.ssgproject.conten...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • NFS and RPC

    The Network File System is a popular distributed filesystem for the Unix environment, and is very widely deployed. This section discusses the circumstances under which it is possible to disable NF...
    Group
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  • Disable All NFS Services if Possible

    If there is not a reason for the system to operate as either an NFS client or an NFS server, follow all instructions in this section to disable subsystems required by NFS.
    Group
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  • Disable Services Used Only by NFS

    If NFS is not needed, disable the NFS client daemons nfslock, rpcgssd, and rpcidmapd. <br> <br> All of these daemons run with elevated privileges, and many listen for network connections. I...
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  • Disable rpcbind Service

    The rpcbind utility maps RPC services to the ports on which they listen. RPC processes notify rpcbind when they start, registering the ports they are listening on and the RPC program numbers they e...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Configure NFS Clients

    The steps in this section are appropriate for systems which operate as NFS clients.
    Group
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  • Disable NFS Server Daemons

    There is no need to run the NFS server daemons <code>nfs</code> and <code>rpcsvcgssd</code> except on a small number of properly secured systems designated as NFS servers. Ensure that these daemons...
    Group
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  • Disable Network File System (nfs)

    The Network File System (NFS) service allows remote hosts to mount and interact with shared filesystems on the local system. If the local system is not designated as a NFS server then this service ...
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Network Time Protocol

    The Network Time Protocol is used to manage the system clock over a network. Computer clocks are not very accurate, so time will drift unpredictably on unmanaged systems. Central time protocols can...
    Group
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  • Vendor Approved Time Servers

    The list of vendor-approved time servers
    Value
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  • A remote time server for Chrony is configured

    <code>Chrony</code> is a daemon which implements the Network Time Protocol (NTP). It is designed to synchronize system clocks across a variety of systems and use a source that is highly accurate. M...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Ensure that chronyd is running under chrony user account

    chrony is a daemon which implements the Network Time Protocol (NTP). It is designed to synchronize system clocks across a variety of systems and use a source that is highly accurate. More informati...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Obsolete Services

    This section discusses a number of network-visible services which have historically caused problems for system security, and for which disabling or severely limiting the service has been the best a...
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  • Uninstall rsync Package

    The rsyncd service can be used to synchronize files between systems over network links. The <code>rsync</code> package can be removed with the following command: <pre> $ sudo dnf remove rsync</pre>...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Rlogin, Rsh, and Rexec

    The Berkeley r-commands are legacy services which allow cleartext remote access and have an insecure trust model.
    Group
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  • Remove Rsh Trust Files

    The files <code>/etc/hosts.equiv</code> and <code>~/.rhosts</code> (in each user's home directory) list remote hosts and users that are trusted by the local system when using the rshd daemon. To re...
    Rule High Severity
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  • Telnet

    The telnet protocol does not provide confidentiality or integrity for information transmitted on the network. This includes authentication information such as passwords. Organizations which use tel...
    Group
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  • Uninstall telnet-server Package

    The telnet-server package can be removed with the following command: 
    $ sudo dnf remove telnet-server
    Rule High Severity
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  • Remove telnet Clients

    The telnet client allows users to start connections to other systems via the telnet protocol.
    Rule Low Severity
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  • TFTP Server

    TFTP is a lightweight version of the FTP protocol which has traditionally been used to configure networking equipment. However, TFTP provides little security, and modern versions of networking oper...
    Group
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  • Uninstall tftp-server Package

    The tftp-server package can be removed with the following command: 
     $ sudo dnf remove tftp-server
    Rule High Severity
    Show

  • Samba(SMB) Microsoft Windows File Sharing Server

    When properly configured, the Samba service allows Linux systems to provide file and print sharing to Microsoft Windows systems. There are two software packages that provide Samba support. The firs...
    Group
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  • Disable Samba if Possible

    Even after the Samba server package has been installed, it will remain disabled. Do not enable this service unless it is absolutely necessary to provide Microsoft Windows file and print sharing fun...
    Group
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