Guide to the Secure Configuration of Debian 11
Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark
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Set Account Expiration Parameters
Accounts can be configured to be automatically disabled after a certain time period, meaning that they will require administrator interaction to be...Group -
number of days after the last login of the user when the user will be locked out
'This option is specific for the auth or account phase. It specifies the number of days after the last login of the user when the user will be lock...Value -
number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled
The number of days to wait after a password expires, until the account will be permanently disabled.Value -
Ensure All Accounts on the System Have Unique Names
Ensure accounts on the system have unique names. To ensure all accounts have unique names, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo getent passwd | ...Rule Medium Severity -
Use Centralized and Automated Authentication
Implement an automated system for managing user accounts that minimizes the risk of errors, either intentional or deliberate. This system should in...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Expiration Parameters
The file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> controls several password-related settings. Programs such as <code>passwd</code>, <code>su</code>, and <code>...Group -
maximum password age
Maximum age of password in daysValue -
minimum password age
Minimum age of password in daysValue -
minimum password length
Minimum number of characters in passwordValue -
warning days before password expires
The number of days' warning given before a password expires.Value -
Set Password Maximum Age
To specify password maximum age for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MAX_D...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Minimum Age
To specify password minimum age for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PASS_MIN_D...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Minimum Length in login.defs
To specify password length requirements for new accounts, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or correct the following line: <pre>PA...Rule Medium Severity -
Set Password Warning Age
To specify how many days prior to password expiration that a warning will be issued to users, edit the file <code>/etc/login.defs</code> and add or...Rule Medium Severity -
Verify Proper Storage and Existence of Password Hashes
By default, password hashes for local accounts are stored in the second field (colon-separated) in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. This file should be re...Group -
Password Hashing algorithm
Specify the number of SHA rounds for the system password encryption algorithm. Defines the value set in <code>/etc/pam.d/system-auth</code> and <co...Value -
Verify All Account Password Hashes are Shadowed
If any password hashes are stored in <code>/etc/passwd</code> (in the second field, instead of an <code>x</code> or <code>*</code>), the cause of t...Rule Medium Severity -
Ensure all users last password change date is in the past
All users should have a password change date in the past.Rule Medium Severity -
All GIDs referenced in /etc/passwd must be defined in /etc/group
Add a group to the system for each GID referenced without a corresponding group.Rule Low Severity -
Prevent Login to Accounts With Empty Password
If an account is configured for password authentication but does not have an assigned password, it may be possible to log into the account without ...Rule High Severity
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