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Guide to the Secure Configuration of Debian 11

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • Uncomplicated Firewall (ufw)

    The Linux kernel in Ubuntu provides a packet filtering system called netfilter, and the traditional interface for manipulating netfilter are the ip...
    Group
    Show

  • Verify ufw Enabled

    The ufw service can be enabled with the following command: 
    $ sudo systemctl enable ufw.service
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Uncommon Network Protocols

    The system includes support for several network protocols which are not commonly used. Although security vulnerabilities in kernel networking code ...
    Group
    Show

  • Disable RDS Support

    The Reliable Datagram Sockets (RDS) protocol is a transport layer protocol designed to provide reliable high-bandwidth, low-latency communications ...
    Rule Low Severity
    Show

  • Disable TIPC Support

    The Transparent Inter-Process Communication (TIPC) protocol is designed to provide communications between nodes in a cluster. To configure the sys...
    Rule Low Severity
    Show

  • Wireless Networking

    Wireless networking, such as 802.11 (WiFi) and Bluetooth, can present a security risk to sensitive or classified systems and networks. Wireless net...
    Group
    Show

  • Disable Wireless Through Software Configuration

    If it is impossible to remove the wireless hardware from the device in question, disable as much of it as possible through software. The following ...
    Group
    Show

  • Disable Unused Interfaces

    Network interfaces expand the attack surface of the system. Unused interfaces are not monitored or controlled, and should be disabled. <br><br> If...
    Group
    Show

  • Transport Layer Security Support

    Support for Transport Layer Security (TLS), and its predecessor, the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), is included in Red Hat Enterprise Linux in the Ope...
    Group
    Show

  • File Permissions and Masks

    Traditional Unix security relies heavily on file and directory permissions to prevent unauthorized users from reading or modifying files to which t...
    Group
    Show

  • Verify that local System.map file (if exists) is readable only by root

    Files containing sensitive informations should be protected by restrictive permissions. Most of the time, there is no need that these files need ...
    Rule Unknown Severity
    Show

  • Ensure No World-Writable Files Exist

    It is generally a good idea to remove global (other) write access to a file when it is discovered. However, check with documentation for specific a...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable Kernel Parameter to Enforce DAC on Hardlinks

    To set the runtime status of the <code>fs.protected_hardlinks</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w fs.protecte...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Enable Kernel Parameter to Enforce DAC on Symlinks

    To set the runtime status of the <code>fs.protected_symlinks</code> kernel parameter, run the following command: <pre>$ sudo sysctl -w fs.protected...
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Permissions on Files with Local Account Information and Credentials

    The default restrictive permissions for files which act as important security databases such as <code>passwd</code>, <code>shadow</code>, <code>gro...
    Group
    Show

  • Verify Group Who Owns Backup group File

    To properly set the group owner of /etc/group-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chgrp root /etc/group-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Group Who Owns Backup gshadow File

    To properly set the group owner of /etc/gshadow-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chgrp shadow /etc/gshadow-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Group Who Owns Backup passwd File

    To properly set the group owner of /etc/passwd-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chgrp root /etc/passwd-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify User Who Owns Backup shadow File

    To properly set the group owner of /etc/shadow-, run the command: 
    $ sudo chgrp shadow /etc/shadow-
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

  • Verify Group Who Owns group File

    To properly set the group owner of /etc/group, run the command: 
    $ sudo chgrp root /etc/group
    Rule Medium Severity
    Show

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