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Guide to the Secure Configuration of Debian 11

Rules, Groups, and Values defined within the XCCDF Benchmark

  • System Settings

    Contains rules that check correct system settings.
    Group
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  • Installing and Maintaining Software

    The following sections contain information on security-relevant choices during the initial operating system installation process and the setup of s...
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  • Prefer to use a 64-bit Operating System when supported

    Prefer installation of 64-bit operating systems when the CPU supports it.
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • System and Software Integrity

    System and software integrity can be gained by installing antivirus, increasing system encryption strength with FIPS, verifying installed software,...
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  • Software Integrity Checking

    Both the AIDE (Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment) software and the RPM package management system provide mechanisms for verifying the integr...
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  • Integrity Scan Notification Email Address

    Specify the email address for designated personnel if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner.
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  • Verify Integrity with RPM

    The RPM package management system includes the ability to verify the integrity of installed packages by comparing the installed files with informat...
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  • Verify Integrity with AIDE

    AIDE conducts integrity checks by comparing information about files with previously-gathered information. Ideally, the AIDE database is created imm...
    Group
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  • Install AIDE

    The aide package can be installed with the following command: 
    $ apt-get install aide
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Maximum concurrent login sessions

    Maximum number of concurrent sessions by a user
    Value
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  • net.ipv6.conf.default.max_addresses

    Maximum number of autoconfigured IPv6 addresses
    Value
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  • net.ipv6.conf.default.router_solicitations

    Accept all router solicitations by default?
    Value
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  • SSSD LDAP Backend Client CA Certificate Location

    Path of a directory that contains Certificate Authority certificates.
    Value
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  • USBGuard daemon

    The USBGuard daemon enforces the USB device authorization policy for all USB devices.
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  • X Window System

    The X Window System implementation included with the system is called X.org.
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  • The age of McAfee defintion file before requiring updating

    Specify the amount of time (in seconds) before McAfee definition files need to be updated.
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  • McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL)

    McAfee Endpoint Security for Linux (ENSL) is a suite of software applications used to monitor, detect, and defend computer networks and systems.
    Group
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  • McAfee Host-Based Intrusion Detection Software (HBSS)

    McAfee Host-based Security System (HBSS) is a suite of software applications used to monitor, detect, and defend computer networks and systems.
    Group
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  • net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter

    Enables source route verification
    Value
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  • Network Parameters for Hosts Only

    If the system is not going to be used as a router, then setting certain kernel parameters ensure that the host will not perform routing of network ...
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  • Sudo - umask value

    Specify the sudo umask to use. The actual umask value that is used is the union of the user's umask and the sudo umask. The default sudo umask is 0...
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  • McAfee Endpoint Security Software

    In DoD environments, McAfee Host-based Security System (HBSS) and VirusScan Enterprise for Linux (VSEL) is required to be installed on all systems.
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  • Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS)

    The Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) is a computer security standard which is developed by the U.S. Government and industry working g...
    Group
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  • System Cryptographic Policies

    Linux has the capability to centrally configure cryptographic polices. The command <code>update-crypto-policies</code> is used to set the policy ap...
    Group
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  • SSH client RekeyLimit - size

    Specify the size component of the rekey limit. This limit signifies amount of data. After this amount of data is transferred through the connection...
    Value
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  • SSH client RekeyLimit - time

    Specify the time component of the rekey limit. The session key is renegotiated after the defined amount of time passes. The number is followed by u...
    Value
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  • The system-provided crypto policies

    Specify the crypto policy for the system.
    Value
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  • Harden SSH client Crypto Policy

    Crypto Policies are means of enforcing certain cryptographic settings for selected applications including OpenSSH client. To override the system wi...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Operating System Vendor Support and Certification

    The assurance of a vendor to provide operating system support and maintenance for their product is an important criterion to ensure product stabili...
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  • Endpoint Protection Software

    Endpoint protection security software that is not provided or supported by Red Hat can be installed to provide complementary or duplicative secur...
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  • Configure Backups of User Data

    The operating system must conduct backups of user data contained in the operating system. The operating system provides utilities for automating ba...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Install the Host Intrusion Prevention System (HIPS) Module

    Install the McAfee Host Intrusion Prevention System (HIPS) Module if it is absolutely necessary. If SELinux is enabled, do not install or enable th...
    Rule Medium Severity
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  • Disk Partitioning

    To ensure separation and protection of data, there are top-level system directories which should be placed on their own physical partition or logic...
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  • Ensure /home Located On Separate Partition

    If user home directories will be stored locally, create a separate partition for <code>/home</code> at installation time (or migrate it later using...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Ensure /srv Located On Separate Partition

    If a file server (FTP, TFTP...) is hosted locally, create a separate partition for <code>/srv</code> at installation time (or migrate it later usin...
    Rule Unknown Severity
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  • Ensure /tmp Located On Separate Partition

    The <code>/tmp</code> directory is a world-writable directory used for temporary file storage. Ensure it has its own partition or logical volume at...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Ensure /var Located On Separate Partition

    The <code>/var</code> directory is used by daemons and other system services to store frequently-changing data. Ensure that <code>/var</code> has i...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Ensure /var/log Located On Separate Partition

    System logs are stored in the <code>/var/log</code> directory. Ensure that <code>/var/log</code> has its own partition or logical volume at instal...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Ensure /var/log/audit Located On Separate Partition

    Audit logs are stored in the <code>/var/log/audit</code> directory. Ensure that <code>/var/log/audit</code> has its own partition or logical volum...
    Rule Low Severity
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  • Hardware Tokens for Authentication

    The use of hardware tokens such as smart cards for system login provides stronger, two-factor authentication than using a username and password. I...
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  • OpenSC Smart Card Drivers

    Choose the Smart Card Driver in use by your organization. <br>For DoD, choose the <code>cac</code> driver. <br>If your driver is not listed and you...
    Value
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  • Account Inactivity Timeout (seconds)

    In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as the number of seconds to wait for input after issuing the primary prompt. Bash terminates afte...
    Value
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  • GNOME Desktop Environment

    GNOME is a graphical desktop environment bundled with many Linux distributions that allow users to easily interact with the operating system graphi...
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  • Configure GNOME Login Screen

    In the default GNOME desktop, the login is displayed after system boot and can display user accounts, allow users to reboot the system, and allow u...
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  • Disable XDMCP in GDM

    XDMCP is an unencrypted protocol, and therefore, presents a security risk, see e.g. <a href="https://help.gnome.org/admin/gdm/stable/security.html....
    Rule High Severity
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  • GNOME Media Settings

    GNOME media settings that apply to the graphical interface.
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  • GNOME Network Settings

    GNOME network settings that apply to the graphical interface.
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  • GNOME Remote Access Settings

    GNOME remote access settings that apply to the graphical interface.
    Group
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  • Configure GNOME Screen Locking

    In the default GNOME3 desktop, the screen can be locked by selecting the user name in the far right corner of the main panel and selecting <b>Lock<...
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  • Screensaver Inactivity timeout

    Choose allowed duration (in seconds) of inactive graphical sessions
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Node 2

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